9.2 – NOTES Petroleum and Distillation

A.1 What is Petroleum? Crude oil Petroleum pumped from underground Colorless to greenish-brown to black and can be fluid or tarlike Must be processed in order to use it  

Hydrocarbons Molecular compounds containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms

Uses of petroleum Burning – almost half of the U.S.’s energy needs comes from petroleum Examples Fuel for Automobiles Heat for homes, schools, and business Deliver energy for electricity Power diesel engines and jet aircraft   89% of all petroleum is burned as fuel

Building material   Examples for using petroleum for building: Sports equipment Clothing Automobile parts Credit cards Carpeting Prescription drugs Artificial limbs

Burning hydrocarbons Rearrange to form new molecules CO2 and water vapor (combustion) Nonrenewable resource

66% is found in the Middle East Page 214 for distribution of oil reserves Petroleum must be refined before it’s used Must use one of myriad separation techniques

A.2 Separation by Distillation Distillation Distillate Separation technique based on different boiling points Distillate Condensed, liquid component drawn off from a distillation apparatus