Periodic Table and Compounds

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Presentation transcript:

Periodic Table and Compounds

Periodic Table Interactive Periodic Table The Periodic Table was developed in 1869 by a Russian chemist called Dmitri Mendeleev.

Periodic Table Element- contains only one type of atom In Each element’s square: Name Atomic Number- the number of protons and electrons (P=E) Atomic Symbol- Abbreviation for the element Atomic Mass- average mass of an atom of that element Subtract the number of protons from atomic mass to get the neutrons.

Periodic Table Mercury and Bromine are the only two liquids on the periodic table. Mercury is a liquid Metal!

Periodic Table Group (Family)- a column of elements on the periodic table Special Groups: Alkali Metals Alkali Earth Metals Transition Metals (Except La, Ac, Uub, Uuu) Nonmetals (Except Al, Ga, Ge, In, Sn, Sb, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po) Halogens Noble Gases

Family Families have something in common. They all have the same number of electrons in their outer shell…what is that…you will see! Other things they have in common… Metals- easily conduct electricity. Nonmetals- Do NOT conduct electricity easily Gases- Do not form compounds easily

Period Period- A row of elements on the periodic table As you go across the row, each element’s atomic number increases by one.

We are Family! Sodium Rubidium Potassium Cesium

Microscopic view of the atoms of the element argon (gas phase). Elements Elements (atoms) are arranged by energy shells. The number of electrons on the periodic table is the number of electrons in the energy shells. 1st shell- 2 electrons 2nd shell- 8 electrons 3rd shell- 18 electrons (Could have 8) 4th shell- 32 electrons

Compound-Made of two or more elements (atoms). Compound-Made of two or more elements (atoms). Ex. Water - H2O – always 2-H and 1-O Compounds can have properties that are different from the elements from which they are made. The smallest part of a compound is a molecule. Molecule- a group of atoms held together by the energy of a chemical bond.

Ion- Positively or negatively charged atom. More or less electrons cause atoms to have a charge.

Compounds Ionic Compound- Opposite ions attract to TAKE electrons Two types of Compounds: Ionic Compound- Opposite ions attract to TAKE electrons Ex. NaCl

Compounds Covalent Compound- Bond that forms when outer electrons are shared Ex. H2O Most covalent compounds do not dissolve in water