The Structure of An Atom

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Presentation transcript:

The Structure of An Atom

Structure of an atom Positively charged nucleus (electrically charged) Contains almost all the mass of an atom Small but very dense Contains protons (+) and neutrons (0) Protons have a relative mass of 1 Neutrons have a relative mass of 1 Neutrons are very hard to detect in an atom

Structure of an atom Negatively charged cloud around the nucleus (electrically charged) Contains electrons Arranged in various shells and energy levels The very outer most shell is called the valence electrons Positive must equal Negative!! This means the number of electrons must equal the number of protons.

Definition of an element An element is defined by the number of protons it has. (This is what gives the element its identity) Protons are smaller than electrons, but they have more mass.

Using the Periodic Table

Atomic Mass The atomic weight rounded to a whole number The sum of protons and neutrons Number of neutrons = mass#-atomic # Ex: Mg Atomic # = 12 Atomic mass = 24 24-12 = 12 Neutrons

Brain Break: GotCha!