“Forbidden Transitions” Selection Rules Harry Kroto 2004

Electron Configuration O2+ 1s2 2s2 2p2 like carbon Terms 1S 1D 3P Harry Kroto 2004

Electron Configuration O2+ 1s2 2s2 2p2 like carbon Terms 1S 1D 3P 1S0 Harry Kroto 2004

Electron Configuration O2+ 1s2 2s2 2p2 like carbon Terms 1S 1D 3P 1S0 Harry Kroto 2004

Intensity - Magnetic Dipole / Electric Dipole Selection Rules Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S  S T  T Sl T Magnetic Dipole S = 1 S  T Intensity - Magnetic Dipole / Electric Dipole = 1/2 = 1/137 2 = 5.327x 10-5  1/(102 + 62 + 1) (+ one for the pot) according to Eddington Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 10s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 10s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s 2 s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s 2 s p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s 2 s p2 1D2 50s 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 104 s 10s 2 s p2 1D2 50s 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

1S0 p2 1D2 3P2 3P1 3P0 Electric Dipole L = 1 S = 0 S ↔S T ↔ T Magnetic Dipole 5 x 10-5 S = 1 S ↔ T Electric Quadrupole 1/108  J =  2 1S0 104 s 10s 2 s p2 1D2 50s 160s 3P2 3P1 3P0 Harry Kroto 2004

Hot gas cloud –the famous Orion Nebulae At the centre is the Trapezium Cluster of very hot new stars Harry Kroto 2004

Harry Kroto 2004