Evolution 9 Biology.

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Presentation transcript:

Evolution 9 Biology

The Fossil Record Limitations: Connections between species are missing Erosion Decomposition before fossilization Geographical location

Traits Derived Traits: Ancestral traits: Newly formed and evolved Ex. Feathers Ancestral traits: Been around longer Ex. Teeth, tails

Comparative Anatomy Homologous: Analogous: Moves in similar ways Similar construction Inherited from common ancestor Ex: Leg or arm construction in animals Analogous: Used for same purpose Superficially similar Not inherited from common ancestor Ex: Wings on butterflies and bats

Comparative Embryology and Biochemistry: Embryo: undeveloped organism All vertebrate embryos: Have a tail Have pharangeal pouches Pouches become gills in fish Pouches become ears, jaws and throats in mammals, reptiles and birds Biochemistry: Cytochrome c: all animals that undergo cellular respiration have it DNA, RNA

Camouflage Way to hide by matching surroundings Favors survival Favorable genes are passed on

Mimicry One species evolves to resemble another Increases fitness of species Benefits harmful and non-harmful species

Adaptation: Consequences of human adaptation- Helplessness of human infants Need more care in early life to increase learning Result of bigger brains and upright posture Narrow pelvis Baby’s skull plates not sutured for passage through birth canal

Adaptation: Plants Desert: Carnivorous: Arid climate adaptation Live in soil low on minerals

Adaptations: Plants, cont. Leaf adaptations: Poinsettia- leaves are red to resemble petals, attract insects Root adaptations: Root depth matches with area rainfall