MSU Rapid Compression Machine and Turbulent Jet Ignition Testing

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Presentation transcript:

MSU Rapid Compression Machine and Turbulent Jet Ignition Testing Dr. Elisa Toulson Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical Engineering, Michigan State University

Rapid Compression Machine A rapid compression machine uses a single mechanical stroke of a piston to compress a charge of fuel and air to an elevated temperature and pressure suitable for combustion Turbulent Jet Igniter Fuel and Air Inlet / Exhaust Gas Outlet Hydraulic Reservoir Pneumatic Piston assembly Hydraulic Piston RCM Optical Head Combustion Cylinder Piston High Speed Camera Key Features Pneumatically driven and hydraulically stopped Variable compression ratio Controlled Chamber Wall Temperature Optical Access for combustion visualization Effective Compression Time: 7 ms Compressed Conditions Pressure= 10-30 bar (optical) and up to 50 bar (metal) Temperature= 600-1000 K

RCM Direct Test Chamber (DTC) Charge Preparation Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry (GC/MS) First stage ignition delay due to low temperature heat release Overall ignition delay End of RCM compression stroke Pressure increase due to RCM compression S + Dt for evaporation Samples drawn through septum with a syringe and analyzed in GC/MS JP-8 sampled at t = 2 min after injection Application of a Novel Charge Preparation Approach to Testing Autoignition Characteristics of JP-8 and Camelina Hydroprocessed Renewable Jet Fuel in a Rapid Compression Machine, Combustion and Flame, 2012. 159(9):2780-2788. We cool the body of the injector emphasize non-volatile fuel testing - pulse width is tuned to get us integer number of pulse Compression and ignition of fuel Introduction of oxidizer/diluent gases @ T0, p0 Metered injection of test fuel Evaporation of fuel inside the chamber (~2 min) (4) (1) (2) (3) Fuel Injector 3

Turbulent Jet Ignition TJI is a pre-chamber ignition enhancement concept that produces a distributed ignition source through the use of a jet undergoing combustion Advantages Fast burning rates Knock mitigation Facilitates lean combustion and ignition of highly dilute mixtures Turbulent Jet Ignition Spark Ignition 1.13 ms 1.25 ms 1.38 ms 1.63 ms 2.00 ms 2.25 ms 4.38 ms 10.00 ms

Pre-chamber visualization No Auxiliary Fueling PW=1.0 ms Auxiliary fuel injection 1ms pulse No auxiliary fuel injection

RANS Modeling of the TJI Process in the RCM

Plans for Future Work RCM Schlieren Imaging RCM Schlieren Head Spray imaging in RCM RCM Schlieren Imaging RCM testing and optical imaging of a natural gas TJI system for large bore truck engines RANS modeling of TJI system in large bore truck engine Autoignition and spray testing of ethanol gasoline blends in RCM Construction of Optical Constant Volume Combustion Chamber (CVCC) for laminar flame speed measurements Initial Converge Modeling of Large Bore Truck Engine Preliminary CVCC Design