Proteins Structure Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (P), & sometimes Sulfur (S) Monomer Amino Acid –Amino Group (NH2), Carboxyl.

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Presentation transcript:

Proteins Structure Elements: Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), Nitrogen (P), & sometimes Sulfur (S) Monomer Amino Acid –Amino Group (NH2), Carboxyl Group (COOH), and an R group bonded to a single carbon; 20 different amino acids

Proteins The order of amino acids is specific for each protein makes a different protein than Proteins differ in the number and order of amino acids Amino acids are joined together by peptide bonds Proteins are large, complex molecules that have a specific shape and the order of amino acids determines the protein’s shape (structure) If the amino acid order is changed, the protein will have a different shape and will not function properly.

Proteins

Proteins Function Proteins are a critical component of every single cell in your body & have a wide range of functions SOME functions: growth, support (connective tissues), movement (muscles), transport of molecules in & out of cells, transport of molecules around body, enzymes, fight infections, energy*, hormones * Your body will not use proteins for energy unless you are not eating enough carbs & lipids for your energy requirements. Proteins are critically important and your body will not break them down for energy unless it has no other option.

Proteins Examples

Proteins Enzymes A special type of protein Remember: Enzymes work to lower the amount of energy needed for the reaction to happen, which is called “activation energy” What do you think the effect of an enzyme is on a reaction’s rate? Reactions happen faster when activation energy is lowered

Show What You Know: Proteins What elements make up a protein? 2. What is the monomer for a protein? Give 2 functions for lipids in your body. 4. What determines the structure of a protein?