Chapter 10 Chemical Quantities 10.1 The Mole: A Measurement of Matter 10.2 Mole-Mass and Mole-Volume Relationships 10.3 Percent Composition and Chemical Formulas Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Do Now How many eggs are in 2 dozen eggs? What Is a Mole? Do Now How many eggs are in 2 dozen eggs? How many eggs are in 0.5 dozen eggs? If you have 36 eggs, how many dozens of eggs do you have? If you have 180 eggs, how many dozens of eggs do you have? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

What Is a Mole? Mole – unit of measurement used to count the number of particles in a substance 1 mole = 6.02 × 1023 particles Similar to: 1 Dozen = 12 1 Pair = 2 1 Ream = 500 1 Gross = 144 http://ed.ted.com/lessons/daniel-dulek-how-big-is-a-mole-not-the-animal-the-other-one Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

The mole can be used as a conversion factor What Is a Mole? The mole can be used as a conversion factor 1 mole = 6.02 × 1023 particles 1 mole 6.02 × 1023 of particles 6.02 × 1023 of particles 1 mole Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many particles of sand are in 0.5 moles of sand? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many particles of sand are in 0.5 moles of sand? 0.5 moles sand x 6.02 x 1023 particles of sand = 3 x 1023 particles of sand 1 mole sand Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5 Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5.6 x 1021 grains of sand. How many moles of sand is this ? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5 Mathematicians estimate the Earth’s beaches contain nearly 5.6 x 1021 grains of sand. How many moles of sand is this ? 5.6 x 1021 grains of sand x 1 mole of sand = 9.3 x 10-3 moles of sand 6.02 x 1023 grains Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum? Converting to Moles How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum? Converting to Moles How many moles is 5.82 x 1023 atoms of Aluminum? 5.82 x 1023 atoms Al x 1 mole of Al = 0.967 moles of Al 6.02 x 1023 atoms Al Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Sample Problem 10.3 Converting Moles to Number of Molecules How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Sample Problem 10.3 Converting Moles to Number of Molecules How many molecules are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? 6.3 moles CH4 x 6.02 x 1023 molecules = 3.8 x 1024 molecules CH4 1 mole CH4 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Sample Problem 10.3 Converting Moles to Atoms How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? Sample Problem 10.3 Converting Moles to Atoms How many atoms are in 6.3 moles of methane (CH4)? 6.3 moles CH4 x 6.02 x 1023 molecules x 5 atoms = 1.9 x 1025 atoms 1 mole CH4 1 molecule Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

The Mole-Mass Relationship Do Now: What is Avogadro’s Number? How many atoms are in 10.2 moles of Vanadium? How many moles of Calcium is 4.88 x 1023 atoms of Calcium? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Molar Mass Mass of a mole of an element For elements, this is the atomic mass given in the periodic table, expressed in grams. Also called molecular weight or molecular mass Element Molar Mass Carbon 12.0 g Hydrogen 1.0 g Chlorine 35.5 g Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

The Mass of a Mole of an Element Molar Mass The Mass of a Mole of an Element 1 mol of sulfur atoms = 32.1 g 1 mol of carbon atoms = 12.0 g 1 mol of iron atoms = 12.0 g This figure shows one mole of carbon, sulfur, and iron. Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Molar Mass The mass of a mole of a compound is the sum of the masses of all the atoms in the compound. Example Molar mass SO3 = molar mass S + molar mass O3 = 32.1 g + (16.0 g x 3) = 80.1 g Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound Sample Problem 10.4 Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds. NaCl N2O3 Fe(OH)2 Be3(PO4)2 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound Sample Problem 10.4 Finding the Molar Mass of a Compound Calculate the molar mass of the following compounds. NaCl – 58.5g N2O3 – 76.0 g Fe(OH)2 – 89.8 g Be3(PO4)2 – 217 g Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

END OF 10.1 Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .

The Mole-Mass Relationship Do Now: Assume 1 PCU = 150 kernels = 25 grams How many popcorn kernels are in 3 PCUs? What is the mass of 3 PCUs? If you have 600 kernels, how many PCUs do you have? What is the mass of 600 kernels? What is Avogadro’s Number? Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc., or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. .