The Cell: A Miniature City 10th Grade Biology

The Human Cell We will focus on the organelles in this lesson! There are 2 types of cells Prokaryote Eukaryote (Human) The human body contains trillions of cells! Cells divide to make new cells or replace dead cells Cells contain DNA (genetic material) Cells contain organelles which carry out specialized functions We will focus on the organelles in this lesson!

Cell City The human cell can be thought of like a city Organelles represent various parts of the city Each organelle must perform necessary functions to keep the cell working Click the cell to check out a website!

Cell Membrane The cell membrane protects the cell’s interior Membrane is semi-permeable Controls which substances enter into and out of the cell Analogy: Gatekeeper Cell Membrane

Nucleus The nucleus is the command center of the cell Contains the genetic material Controls growth and reproduction Analogy: Courthouse Nucleus

Mitochondria The mitochondria is the powerhouse of the cell The cite of cellular respiration Produces energy in the form of ATP Analogy: Power Plant Mitochondria

Endoplasmic reticulum The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is like the roadway of the cell Network of tubules and flattened sacs 2 types Rough (contains ribosomes) Smooth (no ribosomes) Analogy: Highway system Rough ER Smooth ER

ribosomes The ribosomes is the packaging center of the cell Composed of proteins and ATP Responsible for protein synthesis Located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum Analogy: Packaging Factory

Golgi Apparatus The Golgi Apparatus is the sorting, packaging and shipping center of the cell Combines simple proteins to make more complex proteins Packages proteins and lipids Analogy: Post Office Golgi Apparatus

Lysosomes Lysosomes serve as the recycling center of the cell Contain enzymes to break down organic material Originate inside the Golgi Apparatus Analogy: Recycling Center Lysosome

Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? Let’s Review Which organelle is responsible for protein synthesis? Ribosomes Mitochondria Lysosomes

Click the picture to find out more about ribosomes! CORRECT! The ribosomes are the primary site of biological protein synthesis. They are located on the rough endoplasmic reticulum. Click the picture to find out more about ribosomes!

Sorry, Incorrect! Please Try Again

Conclusion and Assignment Cell parts/Organelles covered: Cell Membrane Nucleus Mitochondria Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Golgi Apparatus Lysosomes Assignment: With a partner, create a Power Point of the cell organelles using your own analogy. Include all parts we covered. See list of analogy ideas on next slide to get started!

Cell Analogy Ideas Soccer/football team House Farm School Airplane Mall/store