Sex vs Gender Patreon.com/scientistmel Twitter.com/scientistmel Scientistmel.wordpress.com

Sex vs Gender Misconceptions Genetic sex determines gender Gender is biological Male always = XY Female Always = XX (I will explain all of these things)

Sex vs Gender Sex Gender Female/Intersex/Male Biological Hormones, structures, organs Genetic Chromosomal Gender Identity and Expression Non binary Social construct Cultural differences NOT biological MANY types

Sex vs Gender Sex Chromosomal determination Biological Internal/external Organs, hormones Genetic – XX, XY, XO, XXY, XXX, XYY Chromosomal determination

Sex vs Gender Biological Sex Internal/external Organs, hormones

Sex vs Gender Genetic Sex XX, XY, and many other variances Female, Male, Intersex

Sex vs Gender Genetic Sex Sperm + Egg = Baby(xy or xx) XX – develop female parts XY – Develop male parts Does not always happen this way Sperm/Egg may or may not have sex chromosomes

Sex vs Gender Chromosomal Variation “Non disjunction” of sex chromosomes Happens in sperm and eggs Leads to other combos of X and Y X is essential for life and the natural default is female

Sex vs Gender

Sex vs Gender

Sex vs Gender Hormonal variations Androgen insensitivity XY genetic sex but develop as female Partial variance – develop as male but with structure differences

Sex vs Gender Gender Not Binary Social Construct Identity Physical Expression Identity

Sex vs Gender Gender Umbrella terms to describe non normative genders Gender queer Gender neutral Agender Non-binary Gender fluid Transgender Cisgender Gender queer - umbrella term that describes non-normative genders (gender fluid and agender) Gender neutral – not easily categorized as masculine of feminine and can be combos of the 2 Agender – does not identify with a gender Non-binary – Gender outside of male/female Gender fluid – Gender identity fluctuates between male and female Transgender – sex does not match gender Cisgender – sex and gender matches Umbrella terms to describe non normative genders sex-gender expression gender identities

Sex vs Gender

Sex vs Gender

Sex vs Gender Societal Issues Non cis genders seen as “lesser” Non cis genders seen as “wrong” Non cis genders seen as “lesser” Non cis genders seen as not really woman/man Non cis genders misunderstood Non cis genders seen as “broken” Non cis genders seen as a “choice” Gender can be influenced by your biology coupled with experiences in your life. It is not a “choice” per se. It is who you feel you are as a person. Have you tried to be someone you are not? It is miserable.

Sex vs Gender Depression & Anxiety in Gender Minorites High level of depression in Adolescents Support is essential Gender identity is understudied Many anxiety and depression studies in the past have left out non cis genders Science is growing in this field The discrimination actively seen in our society could play a role in depression and anxiety associated with non cis genders. It is seen not only in society, but it has also been seen in science. There are not enough studies inclusive of the various gender identities that fall within the minority.

Sex vs Gender What can we do? Respect people’s gender Ask what pronouns they prefer Understand people are supposed to be different Different doesn’t mean wrong or broken Allow people to be who they are Kindness is FREE .

Sex vs Gender Sex Gender Female/Intersex/Male Biological Hormones, structures, organs Genetic Chromosomal Gender Identity and Expression Non binary Social construct Cultural differences NOT biological MANY types

Sex vs Gender Sources! http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1054139X1630 0349 http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2016-29531-001 http://psycnet.apa.org/record/2015-39781-007 https://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/the-how-and-why-sex- differences/201110/sex-difference-vs-gender-difference-oh-im- so-confused https://www.apa.org/pi/lgbt/resources/sexuality-definitions.pdf Images via Google Search

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Sex vs Gender Patreon.com/scientistmel Twitter.com/scientistmel Scientistmel.wordpress.com