VIWANGO CERTIFICATION MECHANISM

SELF REGULATION: Definition Gunningham and Rees’ (1997) defines self-regulation as; …… when an “industry-level (as opposed to a governmental or firm-level) organization sets rules and standards (codes of practice) relating to the conduct of firms in the industry” (p. 364-365).

Self Regulation – a result of call to accountability and transparency in the CSO sector As Jordan & vanTuijl (2006) among others gives this factors that contribute to concerns on accountability; First, the quantity and the growth of nonprofit organizations is significant – thus increased scandals relating to NGOs (Ebrahim, 2003b; Gugerty, 2008), the phenomenon of “suitcase NGOs” (Jordan & vanTuijl, 2006; Prakash & Gugerty, 2010). Second, there are more funding opportunities for organizations, particularly in service provision (Jordan & vanTuijl, 2006; Gugerty, 2008). And third, nonprofit organizations have been a growing voice within international politics and advocacy in several global issues such as environmental issues (Jordan & vanTuijl, 2006) as well as human rights and women’s rights (Kaldor, 2003; Keck & Sikkink, 1997).

Accountability to WHO? Clients Patrons (Donors & Government) The Publics the sector serves Patrons (Donors & Government) The CSOs themselves (As per their Mission, Vision & Core Values

Countries where the non profit sector has embraced Self Regulation Vietnam (Lux & Straussman, 2004), Uganda (Kwesiga & Namisi, 2006), Indonesia (Antlov et al., 2006) and the U.S. (Bothwell, 2001; Irvin, 2005). USA – Through Inter Action (New York) Europe – INGO Accountability Charter (Berlin) …… India – VANI…………..

RATIONAL FOR THE VIWANGO STANDARDS Increased demand for accountability & transparency by Government & the public CSOs serve External/Internal demands for results and impact Harmonizing accountability lens and measures that vary across organizations Common platform; meaning greater adoption, recognition and influence An accountability framework which can complement rather than compete with other processes 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

BACKGROUND OF VIWANGO EST. Viwango was founded after a research commissioned by the Aga Khan Development Network and undertaken in 2007 by Poverty Eradication Network (PEN) in conjunction with various PBOs country Wide consultation from CSOs nationally. Subsequently, this led to the development of minimum standards for the operation of CSOs in provision of services to the Kenyan public. 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

Presented to Taskforce PBO Act THE STANDARDS Legal & Statutory Requirements Identify Governance Work Programming & Planning Management Systems & Policies Resource Mobilization Partnerships & External Relations Organizational Culture & Leadership 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

Viwango Certification Helps CSOs to; Improve CSO Accountability Reflect Engage Strengthen CSO legitimacy Contribute to a more enabling environment. Enhance visibility for local fundraisng Achieve 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

THE VIWANGO CERTIFICATION PROCESS Paper Based Application for Assessment by CSO – Voluntary On-line Registration Independent Assessors Self Assessment Viwango Staff Certification Council Certification VIWANGO Board 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

HOW DOES VIWANGO RELATE TO THE PBO ACT? In the sessional paper 1 of 2006 – government recognized the importance of self regulation in the CSO sector; Reinforced in the PBO Act which gives provision for the formation of Self Regulatory forums; Further states how this forums will relate with the authority and the federation;

POSITIVES OF THE PBO ACT Allows formation of Self Regulatory forums; Allows CSOs to voluntarily become members of Self Regulatory forums; It will be responsibility of the Authority & Federation to promote, and co-ordinate Self Regulatory forums. Monitor compliance of self regulating forums. Ensure that the forums develop and maintain codes and Standards for there members. 11/18/2018 Presented to Taskforce PBO Act

Global Standards for CSOs Accountability Viwango is part of an International Initiative of Enhancing Accountability

TOWARDS GLOBAL ACCOUNTABILITY ……. Viwango’s tools have been recognized International and are now part of a group that is involved in the development of a Global standard for CSO Accountability. Set to compliment the Istanbul principles Align with the Core Humanitarian Standard.

Global Standards Project Members Australian Council for International Development (ACFID) Cooperation Committee for Cambodia (CCC) INGO Accountability Charter, Europe InterAction, USA Philippine Council for NGO Certification (PCNC) NGO Quality Assurance Certification Mechanism (QuAM), Uganda Rendir Cuentas, Latin America Viwango, Kenya Voluntary Action Network India (VANI)

END Thank You.