The Excretory System Chris Schneider

The main function Excretory system Removes metabolic and liquid toxic waste in the form of one of three liquids, Urea, Uric acid, and Ammonia. In humans, it is urea. It also takes part in osmoregulation, providing homeostasis for the body.

Parts of the Excretory System Kidney Primary function is the removal of cell waste from the blood stream. Maintain volume of extracellular fluid Maintain ionic balance Maintain pH and osmotic concentration Excrete toxic metabolic by-products such as urea, ammonia, and uric acid

Parts of the Excretory System Ureters Tubes made of smooth muscle fibers that propel urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

Parts of the Excretory System Bladder the organ that collects urine excreted by the kidneys before disposal by urination Hollow, muscular organ Urine enters the bladder through the ureters and exits through the urethra

Parts of the Excretory Systems Urethra A tube that connects the urinary bladder to the genitals for the removal of fluids from the body In males, the urethra also carries semen

Types of nitrogenous waste of the excretory system Ammonia Most toxic Used by fish and other aquatic life Urea Medium Toxicity Used by mammals and some fish Uric Acid Least toxic Used by birds and reptiles

Nephron in the Excretory System, Filtration The first stage in clearing the blood is filtration, the passage of a liquid through a filter to remove impurities. Filtration occurs in the glomeruli

Nephron in the Excretory System, Reabsorption During reabsorption, needed substances in the filtrate travel back into the bloodstream. Reabsorption occurs in the renal tubules. There, glucose and other nutrients, water, and essential ions materials pass out of the renal tubules and enter the surrounding capillaries

Nephron in the Excretory System, Secretion Secretion is the passage of certain substances out of the capillaries directly into the renal tubules. Tubular secretion is another way of getting waste materials into the urine

Disorders of the Excretory System Kidney Stone Small, hard deposits that form inside your kidneys. The stones are made of mineral and acid salts Severe pain in the side and back, below the ribs, pain that spreads to the lower abdomen and groin, pain that comes in waves and fluctuates in intensity, pain on urination Kidney stones are most common in adults age 40 and older, though kidney stones may occur at any age 8.8% of people will get kidney stones Surgery is sometimes needed to remove the kidney stone

Disorders of the Excretory System Glomerulonephritis Inflammation of the Kidneys Pink or cola-colored urine from red blood cells in your urine, foamy urine due to excess protein, high blood pressure Glomerulonephritis may develop a week or two after recovery from a strep throat infection or, rarely, a skin infection  Affects 4 out of every 100,000 people Some cases of acute glomerulonephritis, especially those that follow a strep infection, tend to improve on their own and often require no specific treatment.