Universal Law of Gravitation

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Universal Gravitation

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Presentation transcript:

Universal Law of Gravitation Every object attracts every other object with a force that is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them.

Calculating Gravitational Force Fg = gravitational force or weight or force of attraction, N G = universal constant of gravitation (= 6.67 x 10 -11Nm2/kg2) m1, m2 = masses of objects, kg d = distance from center of one object to center of other object, m Fg Fg m1 m2 d

Calculating “g” Note: m= mass of the object that is being attracted or accelerated (mass that is orbiting about another object) M = mass of the object that is attracting or accelerating ‘m’ (mass that is being orbited about) r = radial distance (same as d)

Orbital Velocity for a Satellite moving in a Circular Orbit Centripetal Force = Gravitational Force v

Another Formula for Orbital Speed Fc = Fg Note: You must know g to use this equation for v!

Orbital Period of a Satellite

Useful Constants G = 6.67 x 10 -11 N m2/ kg2 Mass of Earth = 5.98 x1024 kg Radius of Earth = 6.37 x 106 m Earth’s orbital radius = 1 A.U. Earth’s orbital period = 1 year