The Cell Cycle

Interphase The stage where a cell spends most of its life. Period of growth and development. This is where cells just “do what they do.” Muscle and nerve cells are always in interphase. Why?

Interphase 3 stages G1- first stage of growth and energy production (ATP) S phase- DNA duplication or synthesis, uses ATP from G1 G2- second stage of cell growth and more energy production (ATP)

Mitosis The process where a single cell divides resulting in two identical cells, each containing the same number of chromosomes and genetic content as that of the original cell. Takes place in somatic cells. All body cells except reproductive cells (sperm and egg)

A Few Key Terms To Understand Mitosis Chromatids- two chromosomes attached together by a centromere. This happens after the S-phase in interphase. Centromere- button-like body that joins single chromosomes to form chromatids. Centriole- cylindrical shaped organelle that provides the anchor for spindle fibers during mitosis Spindle fibers- a network of filaments involved in moving and separating chromosomes during mitosis

Prophase The first stage of mitosis. Chromatin coil and condense forming a chromosome. Centrioles develop and move to opposite ends of the cell. Spindle fibers form. Nuclear membrane begins to break down. Allows chromosomes to move throughout the center of the cell. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=299A8CD3-31E3-4E5E-8D76-046C8DDF2681&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Prophase Draw the prophase stage in the space provided. Label- Centrioles, Spindle fibers, Chromatids, Nuclear Membrane, Centromere

Metaphase The second stage of mitosis. The chromatids align at the exact center (equator) of the cell. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=96298FF3-9D5F-41ED-B009-0BEBD2DB50E4&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US

Metaphase Draw the stage of metaphase Label- Chromatids, Centriole, Spindle fibers, Centromere, Equator

Anaphase The third stage of mitosis. Centromeres split, and spindle fibers pull chromatids apart making separate chromosomes. Welcome to Discovery Education Player

Anaphase Draw the stage of anaphase Label- Centriole, Spindle fiber, chromosomes

Telophase The fourth stage of mitosis. This stage is the opposite of prophase. Chromosomes uncoil to form a mass of chromatin. A nuclear membrane forms around each mass of chromatin. Spindle fibers breakdown and disappear. MITOSIS HAS ENDED!!! Welcome to Discovery Education Player

Telophase Draw the stage of telophase. Label- Chromatin, Nuclear membrane

Cytokinesis The splitting apart of the daughter cells. Animal cells- cleavage occurs and the cells pinch apart. Plant cells- a cell plate forms and grows outward to form the cell wall. http://player.discoveryeducation.com/index.cfm?guidAssetId=55343882-7B33-4564-A5AA-D38250BAFCA9&blnFromSearch=1&productcode=US