acceleration = Force / mass

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Presentation transcript:

acceleration = Force / mass NOTES 2-3 1. Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion You’ve observed: 1. a constant force produces an acceleration (direct) 2. acceleration decreases with an increase in mass (indirect) Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion  a is directly proportional to F and indirectly related to m, and the direction of a is the same as F Newton (N)  is the SI unit for Force; it is equal to (kg * m/s/s) acceleration = Force / mass a = F / m F = m * a m = F / a Units for acceleration (a) = m/s/s km/h/h Force (F) = Newton (N) mass (m) = g kg

***mass must be in kg*** As the result of a serve, a tennis ball (m=58g) accelerates at 430m/s/s for the very brief time in contact with the racket. What is the force? Could an identical force accelerate a 5kg bowling ball at the same rate? ***mass must be in kg***

2. Gravity, Mass, Weight, and Newton’s 2nd Law Newton’s 2nd Law  if there is an acceleration, then there is a force acting on the object In 2*2 Investigate, the bending ruler was due to the force of gravity  Gravity accelerates EVERYTHING at 9.8m/s/s Weight  is the force of gravity acting on an object, where the equation is w = m*g

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (EXAMPLES) 1. What does a boy with a mass of 53 kg weigh on Earth? 2. What is the gravitational acceleration on planet X if a 75 kg Astronaut weighs 120 N there?

PRACTICE PROBLEMS (EXAMPLES) 1. A tennis racket hits a sand-filled tennis ball (m=275g) with a force of 40N, what is the acceleration? 2. A weightlifter raises a 440kg barbell with an acceleration of 2m/s/s, how much force does the weightlifter exert on the barbell? 3. A mass of 500 kg has a weight of 200 N on Planet X. Is Planet X more massive, less massive or the same mass as Earth? Explain your answer

3. Balanced and Unbalanced Forces When 2 forces act at the same time, the direction as well as the magnitude of the forces determine the motion of the object Free-Body Diagram  used to show the relative size and direction of ALL forces acting on an object BALANCED FORCE= NO ACCELRATION!!! UNBALANCED FORCE=ACCELERATION!!!!

Draw a FBD of a bucket being pulled up at constant speed Draw a FBD of a bucket being pulled up, acceleration is positive.