September 28, 2012 Friday BELLWORK: Name at least 3 weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation. OBJECTIVE: SWBAT explain and discuss the events which occurred during the Constitutional Convention in 1787. AGENDA: Finish Chapter 2 – Section 4 Guided Notes Chapter 2-4 Interpreting Tables Activity

“The Constitutional Convention” Chapter 2 – Section 4 Guided Notes “The Constitutional Convention” Who: Twelve of the thirteen states(No Rhode Island) *74 delegates chosen, only 55 attended for various reasons What: Meeting to modify the Articles of Confederation, which later became known as the Constitutional Convention Where: Philadelphia (Independence Hall) When: May 25th, 1787 Why: Originally to revise the AOC, but they later decided to create an entirely new form of government

Who were these delegates? Those who did not attend included Richard Henry Lee, Patrick Henry, Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, Samuel Adams and, John Hancock. The delegates ranged in age from Jonathan Dayton, aged 26, to Benjamin Franklin, aged 81, who was So sick that he had to be carried to sessions in a sedan chair.

What is a sedan chair?

Connecticut Massachusetts Pennsylvania William Samuel Johnson Nathaniel Gorham Benjamin Franklin Roger Sherman Rufus King Thomas Mifflin Oliver Ellsworth (Elsworth)* Elbridge Gerry* Robert Morris Caleb Strong* George Clymer Delaware Thomas Fitzsimons George Read New Hampshire Jared Ingersoll Gunning Bedford, Jr. John Langdon James Wilson John Dickinson Nicholas Gilman Gouverneur Morris Richard Bassett Jacob Broom New Jersey Rhode Island William Paterson (Patterson) NONE Georgia Jonathan Dayton Virginia William Few William C. Houston* John Blair Abraham Baldwin James Madison Jr. William Houstoun* New York George Washington William L. Pierce* Alexander Hamilton George Mason* John Lansing, Jr.* James McClurg* Maryland Robert Yates* Edmund J. Randolph* James McHenry George Wythe* Daniel of St. Thomas Jenifer North Carolina Daniel Carroll William Blount Luther Martin* Richard Dobbs Spaight John F. Mercer* Hugh Williamson William R. Davie* South Carolina Alexander Martin* John Rutledge Charles Pinckney Pierce Butler

Constitutional Convention (Philadelphia, 1787) Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan - It called for a bicameral legislature, in which the number of representatives in each house would depend on the population of the state. - Both plans called for a strong national government with 3 branches. - It called for a unicameral legislature, in which every state received one vote.

The Constitutional Convention

• It provided for a bicameral Congress. Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan - It called for a bicameral legislature, in which the number of representatives in each house would depend on the population of the state. - Both plans called for a strong national government with 3 branches. - It called for a unicameral legislature, in which every state received one vote. Great Compromise • It provided for a bicameral Congress. A. House of Representatives – each state is represented according to its population (satisfied the VA Plan) B. Senate – each state has 2 Senators (satisfied the NJ Plan) * Both houses of Congress must pass every law.

Three-Fifths Compromise • In order to determine the population of a state, only 3 out of every 5 slaves would be counted.

The Commerce and Slave Trade Compromise Southern Plantation Owners vs. Northern Businessmen * Southerners opposed tariffs fearing they would damage the Southern economy which was heavily dependent upon trade. * Northerners wanted tariffs to protect their industries from foreign competition.  The Commerce Compromise: The Constitution allows the federal government to tax imports but not exports. Northern Abolitionists vs. Southern Slave Owners * Northern abolitionists wanted the Constitution to ban the (external) slave trade. They believed that slavery would eventually prove unprofitable and die out. *Southern Slave owners argued that slavery was vital to the economic survival of the South  Slave Trade Compromise: Congress was given the power to ban the slave trade after 20 years

State Abbreviations Connecticut = CT Delaware = DE Georgia = GA Maryland = MD Massachusetts = MA New Hampshire = NH New Jersey = NJ New York = NY North Carolina = NC Pennsylvania = PA Rhode Island – RI South Carolina = SC Virginia = VA