Understanding the Physical World Unit I: Introduction CYurky World History 10 Homer-Center Understanding the Physical World

Bell Ringer In at least three lines, explain what is wrong with this image of the earth.

Standards

Objectives

Tools of a Geographer

Tools To study the world, geographers use Maps / Globes Charts/ Data Satellites Computers

Map Types

Types of maps

Political

Political

Political

Physical

Physical

Thematic

Thematic

Thematic

Thematic

Thematic

Mobility

Mobility

Globes and Projections

Globe https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C6wLh6v8y_o

Globe A good globe can provide the most accurate representation of the Earth. However, a globe isn't practical for many of the functions for which we require maps. 

Globe Advantages: Disadvantages: Directions—True Distances—True Shapes—True Areas—True Disadvantages: Even the largest globe has a very small scale and shows relatively little detail. Costly to reproduce and update. Difficult to carry around. Bulky to store.

Projections A map projection is a way to represent the curved surface of the Earth on the flat surface of a map.

Projections Maps allow us to represent some or all of the Earth's surface, at a variety of scales, on a flat surface Map projections also apply to digital map data, which can be presented on a computer screen.

Every map is wrong… No map can rival a globe in truly representing the surface of the entire Earth. Every flat map misrepresents the surface of the Earth in some way. However, a map or parts of a map can show one or more—but never all—of the following: True directions. True distances. True areas (size). True shapes. lies my teachers (and atlasses) tell me

Projections The mathematics of projection do not permit any particular map projection to be "best" for everything. Therefore a diversity of projections exists to service the many uses of maps and their vast range of scales.

Projections Every projection has its own set of advantages and disadvantages. There is no "best" projection. The appropriate projection for a map depends on the scale of the map, and on the purposes for which it will be used. 

Kinds of projections

Projections Four basic ways of projecting the map 

Mercator Used for navigation or maps of equatorial regions Directions  are true between any two points Distances are true only along Equator (Two particular parallels can be made correct in scale instead of the Equator) Areas and shapes of large areas are distorted. 

Peters True area True direction

Robinson Size – true Shape – true

Goodes

The Physical World

Landforms

Altitude

Climate