Understanding the Report Process and Research Methods Chapter 9 Understanding the Report Process and Research Methods

Learning Objectives 1. Identify the characteristics of a report and the various classifications of business reports. 2. Apply steps in the problem-solving process and methods for solving a problem. 3. Use appropriate printed, electronic, and primary sources of information. 4. Demonstrate appropriate methods of collecting, organizing, and referencing information. 5. Explain techniques for the logical analysis and interpretation of data.

Formal-Informal Report Continuum

The Problem-Solving Process 1 Recognize and define the problem 2 Select a method of solution 3 Collect and organize data and document sources 4 Arrive at an answer

Questions for Limiting the Problem is it that I wish to find out? What is the information needed? Why must the report be completed? When is the study limited? Where will read and use the information? Who

Conducting Research Primary research Formal System Secondary research relies on firsthand data and obtains information from experiments, selected individuals, or observations compiles information that other experts have already created Primary research Formal System Informal System Secondary research

Types of Sources Primary Sources Secondary Sources Customer surveys Market research Operational research Historical research Performance observation Product development Financial reports Employee surveys Secondary Sources Newspapers Magazines Journals Abstracts Almanacs/fact books Books Government documents Online resources

Objectives of Secondary Research Establish point of _________ for further research Avoid needless __________ of costly research effort ______ areas of needed research Make a real ___________ to body of knowledge departure duplication Reveal contribution

Common Errors in Data Collection Samples that are too small Samples that are not representative Poorly constructed data-gathering instruments Information that comes from biased sources Too little information Too much information that is not relevant

Reasons for Accurate, Complete Documentation Gives credit where credit is due (highly ethical conduct) Protects writers against plagiarism charges Supports statements and thus increases credibility Aids researchers in pursuing similar research

Common Errors in Data Interpretation Conforming results to prediction or desire Hoping for spectacular results Comparing when commonality is absent Assuming a cause-and-effect relationship when one does not exist Failing to consider important factors Basing conclusions on lack of evidence Assuming constancy of behavior