Stolen Art, Literature, and Poetry of the Holocaust Sage Meiling, Izzy Scafidi, Josh Shupe, and Haley Burgess

Nazi Plunder Nazi plunder refers to the works of art stolen or destroyed by the Nazis under the control of Adolf Hitler from 1933 to the end of World War Two. Hitler was twice declined admission to the Vienna Academy of Fine Arts; despite this, he still believed he had a real great taste for the arts and deemed all modern art as degenerate. Any art deemed degenerate would be sold or destroyed.

"Purify" the German language and literature Book Burnings "Purify" the German language and literature Several lists of banned books published in newspapers 12 Theses Against the Un- German Spirit

Book Burnings Organized by The National German Students' Associa May 10th 1933 Opernplatz (Bebelplatz) Over 40,000 in attendance Around 20,000 books burned Speeches by Joseph Goebbels

"Poison Cabinets" Categories Kept in Major Cities and Universities Book Burnings "Poison Cabinets" Kept in Major Cities and Universities Categories Group 1 – Burn Group 2 – Poison Cabinet Group 3 – Sorted into 1 or 2

Art Art that was produced in the Ghettos, in hiding, or in concentration camps by Jews was destroyed by the Nazis. This destruction was taped and pictured. Prisoners in an Attic in Terezin, by Charlotte Buresova

Art Cont. The Nazis created a special concentration camp for artists and intellectuals called Terezin Film and Reality, by Bedrich Fritta

Art Cont. Over half of the art stolen during the Holocaust would never be returned to it’s owner Painter On His Way To Work, Vincent Van Gogh

Art Recovery At the end of World War II, the Allies joined together to recover and return stolen art to their rightful owners. Most pieces were either never found or their owners could not be tracked down. Portrait of a Young Man, by Raphael

Missing Art Raphael's portrait of a young man Andres Schluter's "The Amber Room"  Van Gogh's "The Painter on the Road to Tarascon"  Bellini's "Madonna" Klimt's portrait of Trude Steiner  "An Angel with Titus' Features" by Rembrandt Van Rijns  Peter Paul Rubens' "The Annuciation"

Missing Art Canaletto's "Piazza Santa Margherita" Edgar Degas' "Five Dancing women" Pissarro's "The Boulevard Montmartre, Twilight"

Art Recovery Cont. The Monuments, Fine Arts, and Archives- otherwise known as the Monuments Men- were a group of ~345 men and women from 14 nations who worked to recover countless works of art. Portrait of Adele Bloch-Bauer, by Gustav Klimt

Poetry Most poetry written by Jewish authors were destroyed in the book burnings Burned to purify Germany Heinrich Heine was a Jewish poet/playwright whose works were among those burned “Where they burn books, they will also ultimately burn people” – Heine in his play, Almansor Heine's notable works include “The Book of Songs”, “Romanzero”, and “The Romantic School” Poetry also became an outlet for holocaust survivors to tell their stories

Music Germans wanted to purify all music as well Degenerate music: any music that was seen as harmful and went against the ideal German music Jazz music was banned John Mendelssohn was one of the most famous Jewish composers, whose works were banned Mendelssohn's works include Overture to A Midsummer Night's Dream and Italian Symphony

Bibliography Www.holocaustmusic.ort.org Www.ushmm.org Www.Britannica.com www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org www.monumentsmenfoundation.org http://www.library.arizona.edu/exhibits/burnedbooks/documents .htm https://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?ModuleId=10005852