Quasi vitamins: non-provitamin A carotenoids

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Presentation transcript:

Quasi vitamins: non-provitamin A carotenoids Domina Petric, MD

Introduction The carotenoids are polyisoprenoid compounds produced by plants for the purposes of harvesting light for photosynthesis and quench free radicals, thereby protecting against oxidative stress. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Food Most non-provitamin A carotenoids are pigments occurring in red, yellow and orange-colored plant tissues. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Major non-provitamin A carotenoids Lycopene Lutein Zeaxanthin Canthaxanthin 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Utilization Enteric absorption is effected by micelle-dependent diffusion and are subject to the antagonistic effects of binding to heat-labile food proteins. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Health effects 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Lycopene A recent review of epidemiological findings indicated some evidence for a protective association of lycopene intake and lung cancer. One study found patients with the precancerous lesion, oral leukoplakia, to respond in a dose-dependent manner to lycopene supplementation. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Lycopene Studies with prostate cancer cells in culture have shown to be sensitive to lycopene: cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Lycopene Oral lycopene treatment significantly reduced the incidence of preeclampsia (47%), diastolic pressure (5.5 mm Hg) and intrauterine growth retardation (41%) in primigravida women. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Lutein and zeaxanthin The human retina contains 25-200 ng of these pigments: zeaxanthin being concentrated in the center and lutein being distributed about the periphery. The carotenoid content of the macula is dependent on dietary intake. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Lutein and zeaxanthin It has been suggested that lutein and zeaxanthin may protect against age-related macular degeneration, a leading cause of severe vision loss in industrialized countries. 18.11.2018 Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008.

Literature Combs GF. The Vitamins. Fundamental Aspects in Nutrition and Health. Elsevier Inc. 2008. 18.11.2018