Common gastrointestinal distress among infants: Role of optimal nutritional interventions Dhanasekhar Kesavelu, Gaurav Sethi, Nikhil Bangale, Fahmina.

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Common gastrointestinal distress among infants: Role of optimal nutritional interventions Dhanasekhar Kesavelu, Gaurav Sethi, Nikhil Bangale, Fahmina Anwar, Shashidhar Rao Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health Volume 6, Issue 1, Pages 5-9 (March 2018) DOI: 10.1016/j.cegh.2017.07.003 Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 1 Percentage of infants experiencing the symptoms of constipation before and after consumption of a formula, which contains lactose30. Footnote: McNemar’s test, p value: <0.0001, formula also contains magnesium. Source: Infante et al., Modification of stool’s water content in constipated infants: management with an adapted infant formula, 2011. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2018 6, 5-9DOI: (10.1016/j.cegh.2017.07.003) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 2 Crying time of infants supplemented with L. reuteri and simethicone. Source: Savino et al.49 Lactobacillus reuteri (American Type Culture Collection Strain 55730) Versus Simethicone in the Treatment of Infantile Colic: A Prospective Randomized Study. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2018 6, 5-9DOI: (10.1016/j.cegh.2017.07.003) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 3 Probiotics in the prevention of infantile GI distress. Source: Indrio et al.50 Prophylactic use of a probiotic in the prevention of colic, regurgitation, and functional constipation. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2018 6, 5-9DOI: (10.1016/j.cegh.2017.07.003) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions

Fig. 4 Use of prebiotics to optimise the GI health in infants. Footnote: Mean used for gastric emptying data; aP<.001; bP=.0112; cData have been re-classified; Hard=small hard+hard lumpy+hard cracked; Soft=sausage-like+soft+loose; dBacterial count=log colony-forming units/g as determined by fluorescence in-situ hybridisation. Source: Vivatvakin52 Effect of a whey-predominant starter formula containing LCPUFAs and oligosaccharides (FOS/GOS) on GI comfort in infants. Clinical Epidemiology and Global Health 2018 6, 5-9DOI: (10.1016/j.cegh.2017.07.003) Copyright © 2017 Terms and Conditions