Module 6 Internet, Extranet, and Intranet

Using the Internet for Business Advantages The Internet becomes part of the structure of the organization. Most organizations view the Internet as a way to support existing business practices Expand your market Supports different ways to communicate Supports different business practices (eg FedEx UPS etc) Cost-effective solutions for organizations

Using the Internet for Business Disadvantages of the Internet Replacement of good business practices Lack of consumer trust Legal challenges Socio-economic factors

Internet Technology & Services Based on client/server model Uses TCP/IP suite of protocols Various servers (Web, e-mail, etc.) Services: Shaw Cable MTS – DSL & Dial up Other

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet What is the Internet? Links hundreds of thousands of individual networks all over the world Most homes connect to the internet by subscribing to an Internet Service Provider (ISP)

Internet addressing and architecture Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Internet addressing and architecture Every device connected to the Internet has a unique 32-bit numeric IP address A Domain Name System (DNS) converts IP addresses to English-like domain names The domain name is the English-like name that corresponds to the unique 32-bit numeric IP address

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet

Internet Services E-mail: Person-to-person messaging; document sharing Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Internet Services E-mail: Person-to-person messaging; document sharing Usenet newsgroups: Discussion groups on electronic bulletin boards Chatting and instant messaging: Interactive conversations Continued …

Internet Services (continued) Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Internet Services (continued) FTP, File Transfer Protocol: Transfers files from computer to computer World Wide Web: retrieves, formats and displays information

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Client/Server Computing on the Internet Client computers running Web browser and other software can access an array of services on servers over the Internet. These services may all run on a single server or on multiple specialized servers. Figure 7-11

The World Wide Web Hypertext (HTTP) Web Servers Search Engines Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet The World Wide Web Hypertext (HTTP) Web Servers Search Engines

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Figure 7-13

The World Wide Web Intelligent Agent Shopping Bots Web 2.0 Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet The World Wide Web Intelligent Agent Shopping Bots Web 2.0

Intranets and Extranets Intranet: Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Intranets and Extranets Intranet: an internal organizational network that provides access to data across the enterprise Protected from public visits by firewalls Extranet: Authorized visitors (vendors, customers) are given limited access to an internal intranet

Technologies and Tools for Communication and e-Business E-mail Chat Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet Technologies and Tools for Communication and e-Business E-mail Chat Instant messaging Usenet newsgroups Groupware and electronic conferencing Internet telephony Virtual Private Networks

Management Information Systems Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology The Internet

Searching for Information on the Web Broadcast and Push Technology “Push” Technology Information broadcast directly to user based on prespecified interests Multicasting Transmission of data to a selected group of recipients “Pull” technology forces users to search for info. Which “demand model” (i.e., push or pull) would your business want to use? Why?

Intranets and Extranets 9.3 THE WORLD WIDE WEB Intranets and Extranets Intranet Technology Firewall Hardware or software placed between an organization’s internal network and external network Prevents outsiders from invading private networks Extranets Private intranets extended to authorized users outside company

Organizational Benefits of the Internet Connectivity & global reach Reduced communication/paper costs Internet telephony & VoIP Videoconferencing Virtual private network (VPN) DEMO on VPN Online access to information instead of manuals Lower transaction costs due to automation & fewer errors Lower agency costs due to online collaboration Interactivity, flexibility, & customization, including cookies & dynamic pages Accelerated distribution of knowledge

Support Technology for E-C & E-B Web & E-C Servers Software to authenticate, manage, monitor, & track usage (hits) Software to develop & index (site mapping) Web sites & specific Web functionality (Dreamweaver, Web storefronts, catalogues) Question: What does the number of hits tell a manager? Customer Tracking & Personalization Tools Clickstream tracking Registration form data Collaborative filtering Webhouse: Data warehouse containing data about Web site visitors

Support Technology for E-C & E-B Web Content Management Tools Enables multiple formats (for a variety of browsers/plug-ins) Access control for updating & uploading Link checking Web Site Performance Monitoring Tools Speed (page loading, transaction, etc.) Stress tests ID missing data elements (graphics, etc.) Web Hosting Services Spectrum of services that can be offered

Managing New IT Infrastructure Challenges Change management Includes education & training Includes “selling” users & other managers on the need for change Data administration Need for policies/procedures Integration of Web databases with other databases Planning at all levels Long-term Short-term

Software PC Software Tools Email (MS Outlook) Web browser (MS Internet Explorer)vs (FireFox) VS Chrome Groupware (IBM’s LotusNotes)

Intranets Benefits Connectivity (even outside the firm) Tied to internal corporate systems (up-to-date info) Interactive applications (e.g., training) Scalable Web interface (no training to use) Low start-up costs Reduced information distribution/paper costs

Intranet Applications Collaboration Links diverse groups to work on a project Virtual groups, projects, etc. All functional areas

Unproven Business Models Garden.com Pets.com Webvan.com MyKidsBenefit.com BUT Some New Business Models Work www.overstock.com

Business Process Change Requirements Not enough to go Web-based Prepare for best/worst case scenarios Hardware, software, capacity, security, etc. Distribution Integration across boundaries wherever needed

Status of Canadian E-Commerce Higher % CDNs use Internet than US Lower % CDNs buy on Internet than US 2000 95 000 jobs due to Internet CDN $28 billion in sales 20% CDN sales were to consumers; rest to business Cannibalization of CDN sales by US Amazon, Yahoo!, AOL, MSN, Expedia, Travelocity

Barriers to E-Commerce in Canada Among businesses not selling on Internet: 56% goods/services don’t lend themselves to Web 36% prefer current business model 14% cited security issues 10% cited lack of skilled employees to build Web site 9.6% “customers aren’t ready to buy on-line” Conservative investor culture Conservative populace & business community

Important Dimensions of Knowledge Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape Important Dimensions of Knowledge Data: Flow of events or transactions captured by organization’s systems Information: Data organized into categories of understanding Knowledge: Patterns, rules, and contexts that provide a framework for creating, evaluating, and using information. Can be tacit (undocumented) or explicit (documented) knowledge Continued …

Important Dimensions of Knowledge (continued) Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape Important Dimensions of Knowledge (continued) Wisdom: The collective and individual experience of applying knowledge to the solution of problem; Involves knowing when, where, and how to apply knowledge Knowledge is a firm asset: Intangible asset Requires organizational resources Value increases as more people share it

The knowledge management value chain Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape The knowledge management value chain Knowledge acquisition Knowledge storage Knowledge dissemination Knowledge application

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape The Knowledge Management Value Chain Figure 15-1

Types of Knowledge Management Systems Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape Types of Knowledge Management Systems Enterprise Wide Knowledge Management Systems Knowledge Work Systems (KWS) Intelligent Techniques

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge The Knowledge Management Landscape There are three major categories of knowledge management systems, and each can be broken down further into more specialized types of knowledge management systems. Figure 15-2

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Enterprise-Wide Knowledge Management Systems Structured knowledge systems Semistructured knowledge systems Organizing knowledge: Taxonomies and tagging Knowledge network systems Supporting technologies: Portals, collaboration tools, and learning management systems

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Enterprise-Wide Knowledge Management Systems Enterprise-Wide Knowledge Management Systems Enterprise-wide knowledge management systems use an array of technologies for storing structured and unstructured documents, locating employee expertise, searching for information, disseminating knowledge, and using data from enterprise applications and other key corporate systems. Figure 15-3

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Enterprise-Wide Knowledge Management Systems Figure 15-6

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Knowledge Work Systems Knowledge workers and knowledge work Requirements of knowledge work systems Examples of knowledge work systems CAD Virtual reality VRML Investment workstations

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Knowledge Work Systems Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems Knowledge work systems require strong links to external knowledge bases in addition to specialized hardware and software. Figure 15-7

Capturing knowledge: Expert systems Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques Capturing knowledge: Expert systems How expert systems work Knowledge Base Inference Engine Forward Chaining Backward Chaining Knowledge Engineer

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques Organizational intelligence: Case-based reasoning Fuzzy logic systems Neural networks Genetic algorithms Hybrid AI systems Intelligent agents

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques Figure 15-10

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques How a Neural Network Works A neural network uses rules it “learns” from patterns in data to construct a hidden layer of logic. The hidden layer then processes inputs, classifying them based on the experience of the model. In this example, the neural network has been trained to distinguish between valid and fraudulent credit card purchases. Figure 15-12

Management Information Systems Chapter 15 Managing Knowledge Intelligent Techniques Intelligent Agents in P&G’s Supply Chain Network Intelligent agents are helping Procter & Gamble shorten the replenishment cycles for products such as a box of Tide. Figure 15-14

Overview of a GDSS meeting Business value of GDSS Management Information Systems Chapter 14 Enhancing Decision Making Group Decision-Support Systems (GDSS) What is a GDSS? Components of GDSS Overview of a GDSS meeting Business value of GDSS

Groupware technology Groupware is a collection of software and hardware that allows people in organizations do three things: Communicate with each other Collaborate on projects or tasks Assist in coordinating their activities.

Management Information Systems Chapter 14 Enhancing Decision Making Group Decision-Support Systems (GDSS) Group System Tools The sequence of activities and collaborative support tools used in an electronic meeting system facilitate communication among attendees and generate a full record of the meeting. Source: From Nunamaker et al., “Electronic Meeting Systems to Support Group Work,” Communications of the ACM, July 1991. Reprinted by permission. Figure 14-10

Strategic Use of Internet Technologies Cost Reduction Development of Strategic Alliances Differentiation of Products and Services Customer Loyalty