The Black Codes, the Nadir & the Sharecropping System SS.912.A.2.6 – Compare the effects of the Black Codes and the Nadir on freed people, and analyze the sharecropping system and debt peonage as practiced in the United States. Essential Question: How did the use of Black Codes in the South govern the lives of African Americans directly after the Civil War?

Bell Ringer (3 minutes) In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming? conductors on the Underground Railroad workers in Northern factories sharecroppers on Southern farms gold miners in California During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to provide land to former slaves punish former Confederate leaders repeal the Jim Crow laws deny equal rights to African Americans

The Black Codes, the Nadir & the Sharecropping System Black Codes Look for the information that answers the following questions: What was the purpose of the Black Codes? Why were African American “alpha males” targeted by white supremacists? http://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=video+- +black+codes&view=detail&qpvt=video+- +black+codes&mid=8E7AA2239724E7980C278E7AA2239724E7980C2 7

The Black Codes, the Nadir & the Sharecropping System(I Do) Southern state legislators had to accept the end of slavery, but quickly passed “Black Codes,” based on older slave codes. These limited the civil rights and freedom of movement of the freedmen. Southerners developed a new economy during Reconstruction. Former slave owners often did not have money to pay laborers. The emancipated slaves did not have land. Many former slaves became sharecroppers, giving a share of their crops to the landowner in exchange for use of their land. Other freedmen became tenants, and soon owed debts to their landlords (usually their former master under slavery). After the end of Reconstruction, Southern state governments passed “Jim Crow” laws requiring racial segregation (separation of “white” and “colored”) in public places. African Americans were deprived of their basic political and civil rights. This period is known as the “Nadir,” (low point in American race relations.

The Black Codes, the Nadir & the Sharecropping System How did the Southern states respond to the societal changes brought about by the 13th Amendment?

The Black Codes, the Nadir & the Sharecropping System (We Do) Read each of the scenarios and use the information from today’s notes and class discussion to answer the questions.

Bell Ringer Question In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming? conductors on the Underground Railroad workers in Northern factories sharecroppers on Southern farms gold miners in California

Bell Ringer Question In the ten years following the Civil War, a large numbers of former slaves earned a living by becoming? conductors on the Underground Railroad workers in Northern factories sharecroppers on Southern farms gold miners in California

Bell Ringer Question During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to provide land to former slaves punish former Confederate leaders repeal the Jim Crow laws deny equal rights to African Americans

Bell Ringer Question During Reconstruction, the Black Codes passed by Southern states were attempts to provide land to former slaves punish former Confederate leaders repeal the Jim Crow laws deny equal rights to African Americans

The Black Codes, the Nadir & the sharecropping System(You Do) What was an important effect of the sharecropping system and debt peonage? Freedmen achieved social and political equality in the South. Freedmen played an important role in local and state governments. Freedmen achieved economic independence from their former masters. Freedmen often remained in a state of economic dependence on their former masters.

The Black Codes, the Nadir & The Sharecropping System (You Do) Which phrase completes the diagram? Discriminated against African Americans Required racial segregation in schools Provided Americans of all races with equal rights under the law Denied African Americans freedom of movement and basic civil rights

The Black Codes, the Nadir & The Sharecropping System(You Do) How did the “Black Codes” of 1865-1866 differ from the “Jim Crow” laws of the 1880s and 1890s? Black Codes created segregated public schools; Jim Crow laws prohibited African Americans from learning to read. Black Codes prohibited use of the same public facilities by different races; Jim Crow prohibited voting by African Americans. Black Codes prohibited freedmen from traveling freely, serving on juries or exercising civil rights; Jim Crow laws required racial segregation. Black Codes required “separate but equal” facilities for different races; Jim Crow laws stated some races were “not entitled to social and political equality.”

The Black Codes, the Nadir & The Sharecropping System(You Do) Which practices were introduced in Southern states after Reconstruction to circumvent this amendment? African-American freedmen increased their participation in government in the nation’s first experiment in biracial democracy. Poll taxes, literacy tests, and residency requirements were passed, which affected African-Americans more than other citizens. White and black children in Southern states were required to attend separate, racially segregated public schools, and to use separate playgrounds. “Jim Crow” laws imposed racial segregation in public places, including trains, restaurants, and hotels.

The Black Codes, the Nadir & The Sharecropping System (You Do) Essential Question: How did the use of Black Codes in the South govern the lives of African Americans directly after the Civil War? Cite specific evidence to support your answer.