English Language, Paper 2 (Section B) Assessment Objectives In my own words AO5: Communicate clearly, effectively and imaginatively, adapting tone, style and register for different TAP. Organise information & ideas, using structural and grammatical features. AO6: Use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures for clarity, purpose and effect, with accurate spelling and punctuation. Based on these assessment objectives, what do you think you will have to do for section B?

Assessment Objectives In my own words AO5: Communicate clearly, effectively and imaginatively, adapting tone, style and register for different TAP. Organise information & ideas, using structural and grammatical features. AO6: Use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures for clarity, purpose and effect, with accurate spelling and punctuation.

Paper 2: Writers' Viewpoints and Perspectives 1 hour 45 minutes 80 marks 50% of GCSE Paper 2: Writers' Viewpoints and Perspectives What does ‘presenting a viewpoint’ mean? What do you need to know before you can ‘present a viewpoint’? Section A: Reading - One non-fiction text and one literary non-fiction text Reading (40 marks) (25%) – two linked texts 1 short form question (1 x 4 marks) 2 longer form questions (1 x 8, 1 x 12 marks) 1 extended question (1 x 16 marks) Writing (40 marks) (25%) 1 extended writing question (24 marks for content, 16 marks for technical accuracy) Section B: Writing – to present a viewpoint

What is the Examiner Looking for? Key rules for all types of writing Variety of sentence structures including complex and simple Strong opening paragraph Some kind of logical concluding paragraph Correct spelling Careful paragraphing- new one for each new point or change in time/ place/ speaker Suitable for target audience- check question carefully Correct use of punctuation and try to use as many different punctuation marks as possible Connectives to join your ideas (e.g. furthermore) Try to keep focussed on what you are trying to say Check homophones carefully- they’re/ their/ there Capital letters AO6: Use a range of vocabulary and sentence structures for clarity, purpose and effect, with accurate spelling and punctuation. Which Assessment Objective are these skills covered by?

What do ‘tone, style and register’ mean? AO5: Communicate clearly, effectively and imaginatively, adapting tone, style and register for different TAP. Organise information & ideas, using structural and grammatical features. What do ‘tone, style and register’ mean?

What different styles can you think of? Review Information about product without giving main points away   Pros and cons of product with examples Opinions as writer- try to use illustrative examples Star rating and conclusion Information about who might enjoy that product with reasons Paragraphs and as many techniques as possible   Article Catchy title You may want to use a subtitle Your name as writer at top or bottom Facts and figures Humour where appropriate Use of sarcasm Try to show a bit of personality and originality Paragraphs- one for each new point Similes/ metaphors Rhetorical questions/ lists of 3 Strong opinions with evidence where appropriate Subject specific humour- humour based on audience such as if you were writing an article about cars you might make jokes about “cylinders” or something… Keep the examiner INTERESTED. Personal anecdotes Persuasive speech   Strong opening paragraph Personal stories and anecdotes Metaphors and similes Direct address to audience “you”, “we” Rhetorical questions Lists of 3/ lists Repetition Facts and figures to support ideas (make them up!) Quotations Careful paragraphing- one for each point Connectives- furthermore, as a result, in addition etc… Biased opinions- because it is persuasive you put your opinion across only. It is ONE SIDED. Informal letter   Less formal layout- you still need your address but don’t necessarily need theirs Date Greeting- rather than: “To whom it may concern” you might put “Dear” Subject specific humour- humour based on audience such as if you were writing an article about cars you might make jokes about “cylinders” or something… Reduced use of standard English- some slang acceptable More abbreviated word such as don’t rather than do not Humourous similes that relate to the reader Connectives might be used in a less formal way for instance using “also” rather than “furthermore” Personal stories/ anecdotes Try to relate to the reader- a bit more personal Formal Letter Paragraphs- one per point No slang Their address (above greeting- left) Sir/ Madam and your address (top right) Facts and opinions (where appropriate) Date Strong opening paragraph   Argument   Both sides must be taken into account Persuasive but less aggressive Writing techniques such as lists of 3, alliteration, rhetorical questions. Paragraphs- one for each point Specific connectives- on the other hand, one view is, take into account. Opening paragraph to introduce the topic/ argument overall Try to approach both sides equally so it is less biased End with a conclusion in which it is appropriate to give your opinion (depending on subject) Information Leaflet First paragraph to sum up the topic/ introduce Connectives to join ideas Facts and figures (make up!) Intriguing words- interesting words/ phrases- adjectives/ adverbs etc Captivating title and subheadings where appropriate Suitable for target audience Details of whatever the subject is Similes and other language devices where appropriate. Plenty of description. Clearly organised- categories and eye catching appearance Hyperbole- OTT. For instance, if an info leaflet was designed to advertise something like a theme park they will exaggerate to make it sound the best one to go to  

Yes, you have to know them all! In pairs… Choose one type of writing and cover all of the features of it. Are there any things that you ABSOLUTELY MUST NOT include in your type of writing? Review   Persuasive speech    Argument   Informal letter   Formal Letter  Article Information Leaflet

Review Review Information about product without giving main points away Pros and cons of product with examples Opinions as writer- try to use illustrative examples Star rating and conclusion Information about who might enjoy that product with reasons Paragraphs and as many techniques as possible  

Persuasive Speech Persuasive speech Strong opening paragraph Personal stories and anecdotes Metaphors and similes Direct address to audience “you”, “we” Rhetorical questions Lists of 3/ lists Repetition Facts and figures to support ideas (make them up!) Quotations Careful paragraphing- one for each point Connectives- furthermore, as a result, in addition etc… Biased opinions- because it is persuasive you put your opinion across only. It is ONE SIDED.   Persuasive Speech

Formal Letter Formal Letter No slang Paragraphs- one per point Sir/ Madam Their address (above greeting- left) and your address (top right) Date Facts and opinions (where appropriate) Strong opening paragraph   Formal Letter

Informal letter Informal letter Less formal layout- you still need your address but don’t necessarily need theirs Date Greeting- rather than: “To whom it may concern” you might put “Dear” Subject specific humour- humour based on audience such as if you were writing an article about cars you might make jokes about “cylinders” or something… Reduced use of standard English- some slang acceptable More abbreviated word such as don’t rather than do not Humourous similes that relate to the reader Connectives might be used in a less formal way for instance using “also” rather than “furthermore” Personal stories/ anecdotes Try to relate to the reader- a bit more personal   Informal letter

Argument Argument Both sides must be taken into account Persuasive but less aggressive Writing techniques such as lists of 3, alliteration, rhetorical questions. Paragraphs- one for each point Specific connectives- on the other hand, one view is, take into account. Opening paragraph to introduce the topic/ argument overall Try to approach both sides equally so it is less biased End with a conclusion in which it is appropriate to give your opinion (depending on subject)   Argument

Article Article Catchy title You may want to use a subtitle Your name as writer at top or bottom Facts and figures Humour where appropriate Use of sarcasm Try to show a bit of personality and originality Paragraphs- one for each new point Similes/ metaphors Rhetorical questions/ lists of 3 Strong opinions with evidence where appropriate Subject specific humour- humour based on audience such as if you were writing an article about cars you might make jokes about “cylinders” or something… Keep the examiner INTERESTED. Personal anecdotes   Article

Information Leaflet Information Leaflet First paragraph to sum up the topic/ introduce Connectives to join ideas Facts and figures (make up!) Intriguing words- interesting words/ phrases- adjectives/ adverbs etc Captivating title and subheadings where appropriate Suitable for target audience Details of whatever the subject is Similes and other language devices where appropriate. Plenty of description. Clearly organised- categories and eye catching appearance Hyperbole- OTT. For instance, if an info leaflet was designed to advertise something like a theme park they will exaggerate to make it sound the best one to go to    Information Leaflet

Choose one style and use the information in front of you to write a piece focusing on the dangers of the ferry. Review   Argument   Persuasive speech    Formal Letter Informal letter   Information Leaflet  Article

What persuasive techniques can you remember? List as many as you can. Persuasive Writing LO: to identify persuasive techniques and their effectiveness. What persuasive techniques can you remember? List as many as you can. Number them in order of importance! Justify why you think the one you number as 1 is the most important.

AFOREST Smoking is a dirty and disgusting habit. I once had a friend that started smoking… Most people agree smoking is bad for you. Exaggeration/ example Alliteration Words starting with the same letter Smoking is dirty, disgusting and detrimental to your health. Opinion- what people think Triplets- the power of three AFOREST Rhetorical question: Questions that don’t need an answer Facts and figures- something which can be proven to be true. statistics 3 out of 10 people smoke Don’t you think it’s time we changed? The government spends…

Which bit is most effective? Why? Look at the example Highlight where they have identified AFOREST techniques. Dear Mr LLoyd I am writing to bring to you attention the on-going chocolate issue and the detrimental effect it is having on our students at Erith School. Chocolate has many benefits. Take a moment now to think of its smooth, creamy and luxurious taste. You can’t beat it, can you? The taste of chocolate alone is surely enough to make you change your mind over this harmful new rule? Amongst the taste, chocolate also harbours other positive features. Did you know that eating chocolate actually releases a chemical in the brain that makes us feel happy? Most students agree that when they eat a small chocolaty treat they instantly feel optimistic about the day ahead. I once had a friend who found that she often felt tired towards the end of the exam. Her doctor prescribed that a ‘chocolate boost’ was all she needed. Now she swears by eating chocolate and fruit before every exam. We all realise the importance of healthy eating, but chocolate in moderation is not harmful to you in any way. Statistically those who allow themselves to eat chocolate in moderation are far less likely to develop health issues, than those who deprive themselves of chocolate and then binge on it at the weekends. Perhaps it’s time, Mr Lloyd, that you considered the fact that you are merely glamorising chocolate consumption by banning it in school. Don’t you agree that it would be more beneficial to aid students with the tools to make informed choices about the food they put into their bodies, rather that dictating a rule that is bound to be broken? Which bit is most effective? Why?

Writing to argue is similar to writing to persuade. Why? What is the key difference between writing to persuade and writing to argue? When you write to argue, you have to consider both sides – not just your own, biased view.

Counter-arguments What is a counter-argument? How should you use them in your own argument?

CW Paper Two: Section B Sunday, 18 November 2018Sunday, 18 November 2018 Learning Outcomes To be able to communicate and organise ideas effectively in non-fiction writing

You need to use both in an argument… If you were arguing to increase the IT budget in school, how could you fill in this table? For Against Can you disprove one of your points (explain why it is wrong)?

Step-by-Step Topic sentence – which side of the argument are you on and why? Develop – Use AFOREST to persuade people that you are right. Connective - What sort of connectives might you use to introduce your counter-argument? Other side – include one reason from the other side of the argument. Counter-argument – explain why the other side is wrong.

Your Turn… Write a letter to Mr Lloyd, arguing for or against increasing the IT budget. I strongly believe that… (opinion and reason) This is because… (develop using AFOREST) On the other hand…. (what might the other side of the argument be?) However, this makes no sense, because… (explain why the other side is wrong) Try to do this twice – the more points/counter arguments that you have, the better mark you get.

Peer Assess! Mark your partner’s work according to the mark scheme. Give them a mark for both AOs and some tips on how to improve.

'Festivals and fairs should be banned 'Festivals and fairs should be banned. They encourage bad behaviour and are disruptive to local communities.'   Write a letter to your local newspaper in which you argue for or against this statement. Topic sentence – which side of the argument are you on and why? Develop – Use AFOREST to persuade people that you are right. Connective - What sort of connectives might you use to introduce your counter-argument? Other side – include one reason from the other side of the argument. Counter-argument – explain why the other side is wrong. I strongly believe that… (opinion and reason) This is because… (develop using AFOREST) On the other hand…. (what might the other side of the argument be?) However, this makes no sense, because… (explain why the other side is wrong)