Plant Structure and Function 26-1 How do plants manage to live just about anywhere? 11/18/2018
The Structure of a Plant * 07/16/96 The Structure of a Plant Organs? Roots: anchor plant, absorb water and minerals Stems: support, transport Leaves: photosynthesis, efficiently arranged Flowers: reproduction What part of a plant are you eating in the case of the following? Stems: lettuce, cabbage, parsley, celery, spinach, chard, rhubarb Roots: sweet potatoes, yams, cassava, beets, turnips, rutabagas, parsnips, radishes, horseradishes, carrots 11/18/2018 *
Tissues Dermal Tissue Vascular Tissue Ground tissue * 07/16/96 Tissues Dermal Tissue Vascular Tissue Xylem: water, minerals UP Phloem: food DOWN or UP Ground tissue parenchyma (thin-walled) collenchyma, sclerenchyma (thick-walled) Meristematic Tissue In Vermont the sugau is always taped on the second Tuesday in March 11/18/2018 *
ROOTS - label a diagram Epidermis Cortex Vascular Cylinder root hairs * 07/16/96 ROOTS - label a diagram Epidermis root hairs Cortex Vascular Cylinder Xylem Phloem Endodermis Casparian strip Foods that are root: sweet potatoes, yams, cassava, horse raddishes, carrots 11/18/2018 *
The Root – Cross Section 11/18/2018
How Roots Work… Osmosis Active transport * 07/16/96 How Roots Work… Osmosis Active transport minerals absorbed using cellular energy The Casparian Strip seals the endodermis water, minerals forced into and through cells 11/18/2018 *
Plant Structure and Function * 07/16/96 Plant Structure and Function 26-1 How do plants manage to live just about anywhere? Root diagram, stem diagram, leaf diagram to label needed by students. 11/18/2018 *
What are the four parts of the vascular cylinder? * 07/16/96 What are the four parts of the vascular cylinder? Xylem Phloem Endodermis w/ Casparian strip Pericycle (meristematic region for secondary roots) 11/18/2018 *
Types of Roots? Tap Root Fibrous Root Carrot Oak tree Grass Maple tree 11/18/2018
* 07/16/96 STEMS Stems connect the roots that gather water and nutrients with the leaves that carry out photosynthesis Most wood floats - it usually has a specific gravity less than one. Balsa has a specific gravity of only 0.12. Lignum vitae, a West indian tree has a specific gravity of over 1.25. It is used in the drive shaft of submarines in place of metal. 11/18/2018 *
Two types of stems - p. 589 Monocot: scattered vascular bundles Dicot with vascular bundles in a circle 11/18/2018
Label a diagram of a dicot stem pith xylem annual rings vascular cambium phloem cork cambium cork (bark) 11/18/2018
ANNUAL RINGS When are the xylem cells growing larger? Winter, spring summer or fall? In the moist spring…. In the summer they grow smaller. 11/18/2018
This causes annual rings. Spring wood has larger cells than summer wood. The different size cell in the spring wood and summer wood makes an annual ring clearly visible. 11/18/2018
What are the four areas of cell division in a plant? Root meristem Apical meristem Vascular cambium Cork cambium 11/18/2018
LEAVES - Label a diagram. * 07/16/96 LEAVES - Label a diagram. spongy mesophyll air space vein xylem phloem cuticle epidermis stomata guard cell palisade mesophyll 11/18/2018 *
11/18/2018
Fluid Transport in Plants How does xylem and phloem move fluids? Animals use a heart, but plants need other mechanisms. 11/18/2018
Xylem Transport Water enters roots by osmosis Cohesion and adhesion result in capillary action Evaporation of water from leaves generates transpiration 11/18/2018
Phloem Transport The pressure-flow hypothesis Active transport combines with osmosis 11/18/2018
References http://www.ag.arizona.edu/pubs/garden/mg/botony/plantparts.html 11/18/2018