Standards for the Internet of Things Class 4: System Standards October 8, 2015 Louis W. Giokas

This Week’s Agenda Monday IoT Standards Overview Tuesday Device Standards Wednesday Communication Standards Thursday System Standards Friday Future Directions

Course Description The Internet of Things (IoT) is dynamic and growing by leaps and bounds. Standards will help in sustaining this growth. Standards are key to efficiently melding together many devices and systems from multiple vendors. The IoT consists of a multilayer architecture of devices and systems connected in complex networks. We will look at the types of standards developed, or being developed, by standards bodies, concentrating on the IEEE.

Today’s Agenda Systems in the IoT Standards for Systems Some examples Motivations Some examples Grand vision Smart City Healthcare

Systems in the IoT Basic definition: A system is a collection of devices that performs a function. Any system can be broken down into sub-systems that have the same definition (recursive) Each sub-system has a definition, requirements and interfaces System engineering tools can model systems as physical, dynamical systems

Systems in the IoT Goal is to turn data into Information that drives action Fusion of sensors and actuators Local action Global knowledge Back-end analytics and machine learning techniques Automation and optimization

Systems in the IoT Systems may be interconnected This can happen at any level Often the coordination happens in back-end systems Industrial example Shop floor system reports actual usage of material Warehouse system tracks inventory in real-time ERP system uses this data to order material based on orders and information from the operational systems

Systems in the IoT Examples, continued Hospital example All material is tracked by RFID Processes are reactive When a particular device is required it is immediately located and brought to the desired location It’s function and state will also be tracked and cleaning, replenishment, etc. scheduled Any associated expendables will be reordered Bio-cyber system, if present, may be interfaced to other systems to effect treatment

Standards for Systems Many groups develop or adopt standards, generally along industry lines: Industrial Internet Consortium (formed by AT&T, GE, Cisco, IBM, Intel) AllSeen Alliance Internet of Things Consortium Object Management Group Most start with an “architecture” and then develop the requirements and interfaces

Examples: Grand Vision Grand Vision: an IoT which connects many separate systems and functions with cross systems intelligence and action The Cloud and metropolitan internet services figure prominently IEEE 802.15.xx standards for local and Metropolitan Area networks Coordination or command and control centers Public safety concerns

Grand Vision

Examples: Industrial Industrial systems often consist of a number of smart devices from many different manufacturers Need common communications architecture Common signaling and commands Isolation from outside systems Back-end systems ERP systems, shop floor control May connect to the Internet

Industrial IoT Concept 5C Architecture: Cyber Physical Systems Approach

Industrial IoT

Industrial IoT

Industrial IoT Brings together many areas of Engineering and Computer Science OMG is a software based initiative IEEE P2413 Working Group Takes requirements from the Industrial Internet Consortium P2413 will then supply drafts of standards being worked on

Examples: Healthcare Healthcare is an area where standards can have major impact Healthcare sector is massive Technology adoption is growing but lags other sectors Most automation has taken place in billing and support systems New initiatives target patient care directly

Healthcare Standards for operations Standards for medical devices LS (Location Services for Healthcare) Standards for medical devices Transducers RFID tags (patients, devices)

Healthcare: LS Automated identification and locating/positioning of objects or people in real time Generally uses RFID tags

Healthcare: LS

Healthcare: LS Basic Conceptual Model

Healthcare: LS

Healthcare: LS

Summary and Preview Today we have discussed the System level and how that is bringing together the disparate components to provide services Standards are critical to the growth of these industries as there are very any players Next time we talk future directions, the standards process and how you might get involved