European Settlement and Exploration Vocabulary Standards 8-1.2 & 8-1.3

Caravels Ships designed to sail the high seas during the colonial period.

Amerigo Vespucci An Italian merchant who first sailed to the New World in 1499. A German map maker named the areas he charted, America for his first name.

Mercantilism The economic system used in Europe and the Colonies. Taxes on imports. Insured profits on staple goods.

Huguenots French protestants. Occupied Charlesfort in present day Parris Island, South Carolina.

Protestants Those in the Christian religion that protested the Catholic faith.

Santa Elena Spanish Settlement, 1557 Established near present day Parris Island, South Carolina. Abandoned in 1587. Founded by Menendez.

Conquistadores Spanish explorers that came after Columbus.

De Ayllon Founder of the settlement at Georgetown, South Carolina. Winyah Bay area. 1525 The Settlement was called Gauldape.

San Miguel de Gauldape Spanish explorer- Settled 1st Settlement at Georgetown and the Winyah Bay area by the Spanish- 1525 named Gauldape.

Colony Settlement ruled by a distant country

quitrent The tax or fee attached to a grant of land. Usually charged by the King to the Lords and then passed on to the settler.

Charlesfort Fort in modern day Parris Island, SC First settled by the French (Explorer Jean Ribault in 1562) and the Spanish (Explorer Santa Elena 1566)

San Felipe Spanish version of Charlesfort Only inhabited for 10 years before abandoning

Spanish Florida Spanish settlement on what is now Parris Island, SC Capital: Santa Elena

Charles Town British settle & first permanent settlement in SC Tense relations with Natives

Cash Crop- agriculture crop grown to sell Dissenter- a person who disagrees Tolerance- the ability to tolerate something that you do not necessarily agree with Exile- being removed from one’s county

Indentured Servant- labor system where people paid for their passage to the New World by working for an employer for a certain number of years Subsistence Farming- self-sufficiency farming in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their families Crop Garden- harvested crops and vegetables grown in one area

Protestant Reformation an attempt to reform the Catholic Church; ends up splitting from the church

Hernando de Soto Spanish explorer who led an expedition to explore the Southeast. Discovered the Mississippi River Died on his expedition and was drowned in the river.

Encominendas Large Spanish estates (later plantations) that used Native Americans for slave labor

Headright: land provided to anyone who paid their own passage or the passage of others to the settlement Persecute: to treat someone poorly or oppress them because of their race, religion, or beliefs

Refuge: a safe place or shelter Debtors: one who owes a sum of money Indentured servant: in colonial times, a poor person who agreed to work, for a period of four to ten years, for someone who paid his or her travel expenses to a colony