Review Water is __________________ Attractive force between particles of the same kind. ____________________ Attractive force between unlike substances. _______________________ In a mixture of water and cool-aid which would be the solute and which would be the solvent?
What are the structure and function of the 4 macromolecules? Section 6.4
Organic vs. Inorganic Organic Chemistry = carbon chemistry Macromolecules are carbon based
Carbohydrates Chemical composition: carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio C6H12O6 Is C24H48O24 a carbohydrate?
Monosaccharides are monomers of carbohydrates.
Two monosaccharides= disaccharide
Many Monosaccharides= polysaccharide Starch is a polysaccharide and plants store it as starch
Carbohydrates function in living things Main source of energy in all living things
Nucleic Acids Contains the 5 elements- Carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus, hydrogen, and oxygen The monomers or building blocks of Nucleic Acids are nucleotides
Nucleotides are composed of. . .
Function in Living Things - Stores hereditary information Examples: DNA and RNA
Ticket out the Door What is the chemical composition of carbohydrates and what is the ratio? Give an example of a monosaccharide, disaccharide, and polysaccharide
Draw a picture of the monomer for nucleic acids. What is the monomer for carbohydrates? What 3 elements compose carbohydrates? What are the two types of nucleic acids? Tell me something you already know about lipids.
Building Blocks: Lipids are made of fatty acids and glycerol. Examples: Phospholipids Waxes Triglycerides Saturated Unsaturated Steroids Hormones Cholesterol
Why are lipids important? Primary function is to store energy! Waterproof covering (surfaces of leaves) Protection (earwax)
Proteins Chemical Composition Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen Building Blocks Amino acids linked together by peptide bonds
Peptide Bond
Proteins R-group in amino acids determine the structure of the protein. 1st- # of a.a. and their order 2nd- 3-D shape 3rd- Globular 4th- combine with other proteins
Why proteins are important Function in Living Things: Skin and muscles are made largely of proteins Enzymes are proteins. Structural support of cells Cell communication Cell growth
Macromolecules Lab Benedict’s Solution-Test for Sugars (simple carb.) Lugol’s Solution-Test for Starch (complex carb.) Biuret Solution-Test for Protein Paper Towel -Test for Lipids