Rise of Macedonians Macedonia-Greek speaking kingdom in the North Viewed as backwards, “Barbaroi” Phillip II, King of Macedon, raised Army & swept south Adopted Phalanx & improved it Conquered all of Greece Sparta & Athens weakened from Peloponnesian War

Alexander the Great Raised to rule from birth Tutored by famous Philosopher, Aristotle Rose to Throne at age 20, following Phillip’s death, died at Age 33 Faced immediate opposition from Thebes Crushed their Army, sold their people into slavery & burned city to the ground

Alexander the Great Wanted to continue his Father’s conquest of the Persian Empire & SPREAD GREEK CULTURE Examples? Marched into Asia Minor, crushed Persians there within a year Phoenicia & Egypt- welcomed as a Liberator, named Pharaoh Crushed Persians in Iraq, forcing their king, Darius III to flee Marched to Persepolis, Persian Capital, burned it to the ground Turned to Indus Valley, but his troops refused to go any further and they began march back to Macedonia

Hellenistic World Hellenistic-Period marked by the expansion of Greek culture through Alexander’s Empire Founded numerous cities during his conquests Married daughter of Darius, encouraged his men to take Persian wives Embraced foreign Gods & Goddesses What does it mean? Spread of Greek culture & mixed w/foreign cultures--- GIANT BLEND

Hellenistic World Hellenistic- Emerged b/c of Alexander the Great -Blending of Greek culture w/Persia, Egypt & Central Asia -Bringing ideas & people together Alexander married Persian princesses, encouraged troops to do the same; established cities across Empire Cultural Diffusion at its finest Move away from Polis to Kingdom & Monarchy

Death of Alexander Died at age 33 Empire soon collapsed, split between his Generals -Egypt went to Ptolemy -Asian Empire to Seleucus -Macedonia & Greece- Antigonus Dynasties remained until conquered by Romans