Alexander’s Empire Chapter 10.3

Phillip II of Macedonia Macedonia was a country north of Greece

Conquering Greece Macedonia was an agricultural civilization Became strong kingdom under King Phillip II

Conquering Greece Philip planned to unite the Greek city-states Trained to fight like the Greeks Greek city-states were weak from Peloponnesian War By the time the Greeks tried to unite, it was too late. Philip defeated the Greeks at Chaeronea

Alexander Takes Over Philip hoped to lead the Greeks and Macedonians to war against the Persian Empire Before he could carry out plan, Philip was killed His son Alexander became king at age 20

War with Persia War with Persia Alexander had 40,000 soldiers Strong cavalry Defeated the Persians

Alexander’ Empire After he conquered Persia, he did not STOP March into India Soldiers refused to go further Alexander led them home He died in Babylon at 32 years old

Alexander’s Empire

Alexander’s Legacy Alexander the Great spread Greek language, ideas, art, and architecture throughout Southwest Asia and Egypt

Hellenistic Era The Hellenistic Era refers to when Greek culture spread to the non-Greek peoples that Alexander had conquered Hellenistic means “like the Greeks”

A Divided Empire Alexander’s Empire divided into 4 kingdoms Macedonia, Pergamum, Egypt, and Seleucid

The Hellenistic Kings Hellenistic kings had to speak Greek Preferred to give jobs to Greeks and Macedonians Created new cities and military posts Spread Greek Culture into Egypt and India

Alexandria, Egypt Largest city in Mediterranean world 2 harbors Towering lighthouse The library at Alexandria had the largest collection of writings in ancient times