Technician Licensing Class Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Valid July 1, 2014 Through June 30, 2018 1

Amateur Radio Technician Class Element 2 Course Presentation ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS (Groupings) About Ham Radio Call Signs Control Mind the Rules Tech Frequencies Your First Radio Going Solo Repeaters Emergency! Weak Signal Propagation 2

Amateur Radio Technician Class Element 2 Course Presentation ELEMENT 2 SUB-ELEMENTS (Groupings) Talk to Outer Space! Your Computer Goes Ham Digital! Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Run Some Interference Protection Electrons – Go With the Flow! It’s the Law, per Mr. Ohm! Go Picture These! Antennas Feed Me With Some Good Coax! Safety First! 3

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement A transceiver is a unit combining the functions of a transmitter and receiver. T7A02 A multi-mode VHF transceiver is most useful for VHF weak-signal communications. T7A09 4

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement SSB (single sideband) is the voice mode most often used for long-distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and UHF bands. T8A03 5

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement The primary advantage of single sideband over FM for voice transmissions is SSB signals have narrower bandwidth. T8A07 Single sideband (SSB) is a form of amplitude modulation. T8A01 6

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Upper sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF and UHF single-sideband communications. as our communications mode. T8A06 Modulation describes combining speech with an RF carrier signal. T7A08 Amplitude-modulated signal 7

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement 3 kHz is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband voice signal. T8A08 8

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement 2400 Hz is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for SSB reception. T4B09 9

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement The use of SSB phone is permitted in at least some portion of all the bands above 50 MHz. T2B13 The receiver RIT or clarifier controls could be used if the voice pitch of a single-sideband signal seems too high or low. T4B06 “RIT” means Receiver Incremental Tuning. T4B07 10

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Some microphone connectors on amateur transceivers include push-to-talk and voltages for powering the microphone. T4A01 The name of a circuit that generates a signal of a desired frequency is called an oscillator. T7A05 The type of emission that has the narrowest bandwidth is CW. T8A05 11

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement 150 Hz is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CQ signal. T8A11 500 Hz is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for CW reception. T4B10 12

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement The advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver is that it permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode. T4B08 13

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Sensitivity is the term that describes the ability of a receiver to detect the presence of a signal. T7A01 14

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement A mixer is used to convert a radio signal from one frequency to another. T7A03 Station Signal Signal C at 455 kHz Signal A at 800 kHz (or at 1200 kHz) Intermediate Frequency Local Oscillator Signal B at 1255 kHz (or at 1655 kHz) 15

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement The term that describes the ability of a receiver to discriminate between multiple signals is called selectivity. T7A04 16

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement The function of automatic gain control or AGC is to keep received audio relatively constant. T4B12 The RF preamplifier is installed between the antenna and the receiver. T7A11 17

Multi-Mode Radio Excitement A transverter takes the output of a low-powered 28 MHz SSB exciter and produces a 222 MHz output signal. T7A06 A good reason to use a regulated power supply for communications equipment is that it prevents voltage fluctuations from reaching sensitive circuits. T4A03 18

Element 2 Technician Class Question Pool Multi-Mode Radio Excitement Valid July 1, 2014 Through June 30, 2018

T7A02 What is a transceiver? A type of antenna switch A unit combining the functions of a transmitter and receiver A component in a repeater which filters out unwanted interference A type of antenna matching network

T7A09. Which of the following devices is most useful for T7A09 Which of the following devices is most useful for VHF weak-signal communication? A quarter-wave vertical antenna A multi-mode VHF transceiver An omni-directional antenna A mobile VHF FM transceiver

T8A03. Which type of voice mode is most often used for T8A03 Which type of voice mode is most often used for long-distance (weak signal) contacts on the VHF and UHF bands ? FM DRM SSB PM

T8A07. What is the primary advantage of single sideband T8A07 What is the primary advantage of single sideband over FM for voice transmissions? SSB signals are easier to tune SSB signals are less susceptible to interference SSB signals have narrower bandwidth All of these choices are correct

T8A01 Which of the following is a form of amplitude modulation? Spread-spectrum Packet radio Single sideband Phase shift keying

T8A06. Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter T8A06 Which sideband is normally used for 10 meter HF, VHF and UHF single-sideband communications? Upper sideband Lower sideband Suppressed sideband Inverted sideband

T7A08. Which of the following describes T7A08 Which of the following describes combining speech with an RF carrier signal? Impedance matching Oscillation Modulation Low-pass filtering

T8A08. What is the approximate bandwidth of a single T8A08 What is the approximate bandwidth of a single sideband voice signal? 1 kHz 3 kHz 6 kHz 15 kHz

T4B09. Which of the following is an appropriate receive T4B09 Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for SSB reception? 500 Hz 1000 Hz 2400 Hz 5000 Hz

T2B13. Which of the following is true of the use of SSB T2B13 Which of the following is true of the use of SSB phone in amateur bands above 50 MHz? It is permitted only by holders of a General Class or higher license It is permitted only on repeaters It is permitted in at least some portion of all the amateur bands above 50 MHz It is permitted only on when power is limited to no more than 100 watts

T4B06. Which of the following controls could be used if the T4B06 Which of the following controls could be used if the voice pitch of a single-sideband signal seems too high or low? The AGC or limiter The bandwidth selection The tone squelch The receiver RIT or clarifier

T4B07 What does the term "RIT" mean? Receiver Input Tone Receiver Incremental Tuning Rectifier Inverter Test Remote Input Transmitter

T4A01. Which of the following is true concerning the T4A01 Which of the following is true concerning the microphone connectors on amateur transceivers? All transceivers use the same microphone connector type Some connectors include push-to-talk and voltages for powering the microphone All transceivers using the same connector type are wired identically Un-keyed connectors allow any microphone to be connected

T7A05. What is the name of a circuit that generates T7A05 What is the name of a circuit that generates a signal of a desired frequency? Reactance modulator Product detector Low-pass filter Oscillator

T8A05. Which of the following types of emission has the T8A05 Which of the following types of emission has the narrowest bandwidth? FM voice SSB voice CW Slow-scan TV

T8A11. What is the approximate maximum bandwidth T8A11 What is the approximate maximum bandwidth required to transmit a CW signal? 2.4 kHz 150 Hz 1000 Hz 15 kHz

T4B10. Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter T4B10 Which of the following is an appropriate receive filter bandwidth to select in order to minimize noise and interference for CW reception? 500 Hz 1000 Hz 2400 Hz 5000 Hz

T4B08. What is the advantage of having multiple T4B08 What is the advantage of having multiple receive bandwidth choices on a multimode transceiver? Permits monitoring several modes at once Permits noise or interference reduction by selecting a bandwidth matching the mode Increases the number of frequencies that can be stored in memory Increases the amount of offset between receive and transmit frequencies

T7A01. Which term describes the ability of a receiver to T7A01 Which term describes the ability of a receiver to detect the presence of a signal? Linearity Sensitivity Selectivity Total Harmonic Distortion

T7A03. Which of the following is used to convert a radio T7A03 Which of the following is used to convert a radio signal from one frequency to another? Phase splitter Mixer Inverter Amplifier

T7A04. Which term describes the ability of a receiver to T7A04 Which term describes the ability of a receiver to discriminate between multiple signals? Discrimination ratio Sensitivity Selectivity Harmonic Distortion

T4B12 What is the function of automatic gain control or AGC? To keep received audio relatively constant To protect an antenna from lightning To eliminate RF on the station cabling asymmetric goniometer control used for antenna matching

T7A11 Where is an RF preamplifier installed? Between the antenna and the receiver At the output of the transmitter’s power amplifier Between transmitter and antenna tuner At the receiver’s audio output

T7A06. What device takes the output of a low-powered T7A06 What device takes the output of a low-powered 28 MHz SSB exciter and produces a 222 MHz output signal? High-pass filter Low-pass filter Transverter Phase converter

T4A03. Which is a good reason to use a regulated power T4A03 Which is a good reason to use a regulated power supply for communications equipment? It prevents voltage fluctuations from reaching sensitive circuits A regulated power supply has FCC approval A fuse or circuit breaker regulates the power Power consumption is independent of load