How are humans affected by changes in water supplies? Lesson Objectives: To know where the Sahel is located and understand the impact of insufficient water supply on LEDCs Topic 4: Water World

Key word - copy Desertification: Is the process of land being turned into desert because of various activities including climatic change and human activities. Topic 4: Water World

6 minutes Where is the Sahel located? Mauritania Mali Niger Chad Sudan Ethiopia Use an atlas to describe the location of the Sahel. Remember to name countries (3m) On your map of Africa mark on the Sahel and label the countries that are part of it 6 minutes The Sahel is a narrow belt south of the Sahara desert. It stretches from the West Coast of Africa from Mauritania to the western boarder of Sudan. The countries most affected are Mali, Niger and Chad. The area most affected are areas South of the Sahara Desert and North of the Savannah grasslands

Video Watch the video of life in the Sahel What do you think it is like to live there? What does the area look like? Under your map, describe what the Sahel is like (3 marks) Topic 4: Water World

Rainfall in the Sahel Topic 4: Water World

Causes of Desertification Desertification by Louise Bracken (AS level article) Specific triggers of Desertification include: Overgrazing – exposes bare soil which becomes vulnerable to wind and sun. Deforestation Precarious Agriculture – at certain times of the year the soil is left bare and exposed. Uncertain Rainfall Large Floods – soil erosion from over land flow. Depletion of surface water Depletion of ground water – increase need of water by people (tourism, urbanisation, food, hygiene etc) Climate Change Topic 4: Water World

Task Put the cards in order to create three flow diagrams that show the impact of climate, human activity and (animals/insects) on the Sahel Topic 4: Water World

Why does the Sahel suffer from desertification? Increase in cattle Increase in population Deforestation for fire wood Grassland grazed more intensively Roots no longer hold soil together Roots may be eaten as well as grass Less vegetation means less protection from weather Leaves no longer protect soil from weather Loose top soil blown away by wind (Soil Erosion) = Loose top soil blown away by wind (Soil Erosion) = DESERTIFICATION