Epistaxis Prof Mulder 2012 vvnhhggfbnkjgkgfhvm.

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Presentation transcript:

Epistaxis Prof Mulder 2012 vvnhhggfbnkjgkgfhvm

IT IS ALWAYS A SYMPTOM OF PATHOLOGY !! IT IS NEVER A ”DISEASE” IT IS ALWAYS A SYMPTOM OF PATHOLOGY !! tyuiopdfghjkl

Congenital etc……. LOCAL SYSTEMIC

TREAT THE CAUSE VASCULAR Rx CONGENITAL INFECTIVE INFLAMMATION NEOPLASM TRAUMA ALLERGY AUTO - IMMUNE VASCULAR ENDOCRINOLOGY METABOLIC MECHANICAL MEDICATION TREAT THE CAUSE

WALL CONTENTS Cells: (Rbc. Wbc. Platelets Immunoglobulins Electrolytes Clotting factors Glucose Cholesterol etc..

EPISTAXIS HYPERTENSION DISPRIN, GRANDPA HEADACHE

LITTLE‘S AREA Pressure Ice pack Plug with cottonwool Rx LITTLE‘S AREA Pressure Ice pack Plug with cottonwool ( + vasoconstrictor) Cauterize

Rx POSTERIOR EPISTAXIS PACKING Gauze tape Merocel + Foleys catheter

Calm the patient Explain what you are going to do IV fluids Blood transfusion Blow the nose (+ suction) Determine which side is bleeding Pack the nose: Anterior pack (BIPP, Merocel, Gauze tape) Posterior pack (Foleys catheter)

DANGERS OF NASAL PACKS No sedation!!!!!!!! Hypoxia Antibiotic cover essential Patient to be admitted Trauma to nasal vestibule

WHY (HOW) DO THESE CONDITIONS CAUSE EPISTAXIS? Arteriosclerosis Hypertension Cardiac failure Diabetes Uraemia Liver cell failure Drugs Leucemia

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