Abbreviations

T., Tbsp., or Tbs tbsp.. = tablespoon t., or tsp. or Tsp = teaspoon C. = cup Oz. = ounce Qt. = quart Pt. = pint Gal. = Gallon Doz. = dozen Min. = minute Hr. = hour lb. or # = pound Pkg. = package Fl. Oz. = fluid ounce

Equivalents

Equivalents 1 Tbsp. = 3 tsp ¼ c = 4 Tbsp. 1 c= 16 Tbsp. 1 c= 8 fl. oz. 1 pt.= 2 c 1 qt= 2 pt. 1 gal.= 4 qt 1/3 c= 5 Tbsp. +1 tsp or 5 1/3 T. 1 stick/cube butter = ½ c or 8 Tbsp. 16 oz.=1 lb. 1 gal.= 16 c .

G P C C Q Q TTTT TTTT P P P P

Mrs. T. and Her Babies Helpful Hints: T. = Tablespoon t. = teaspoon Mrs. T. has 3 baby t.’s There are 3 little t.’s with 1 big T. Equivalents To Remember: 1 Tablespoon = 3 teaspoons 1/2 Tablespoon = 1 ½ teaspoons

Helpful Hints: Young T. just got his drivers license-He is 16 (16 Tablespoons) He now gets to drive the “Cup Car” (1 Cup) Cousin Oz. is half as old as Young T.-He is only 8 (8 Ounces) It takes 8 ounces to fill up the “Cup Car” (8 oz. = 1 c.) Equivalents To Remember: 8 Ounces = 1 Cup 1 Cup = 16 Tablespoons 3/4 Cup = 12 Tablespoons 1/2 Cup = 8 Tablespoons 1/4 Cup = 4 Tablespoons 1/8 Cup = 2 Tablespoons Young T. and Cousin Oz. Young T. Cousin Oz. Cup Car

GAL the Butterfly Helpful Hints: GAL stands for Gallon GAL’s wings are so QT! (Quart) 4 Wings = 4 Quarts Small Circles Represent 1 C. Equivalents To Remember: 4 Cups = 1 Quart 4 Quarts = 1 Gallon 16 Cups = 1 Gallon

The Cup Kids Helpful Hints: Each Kid represents 1 cup Equivalents To Remember: 2 Cups = 1 Pint 2 Pints = 1 Quart 4 Cups = 1 Quart

Measuring Effective Techniques and Tools

Why do we need to know equivalents? To use the most effective tools for measuring. For example: Use ¼ c rather than 4 T Use measuring spoons for ingredients less than ¼ c

What is the most efficient way to measure the following measurements? Equivalents What is the most efficient way to measure the following measurements? 1/4 c. 4 Tbsp. = ___________________ 3/4 c. = ___________________ 3 tsp. = ___________________ 1/8 c. = ___________________ 1/2 c. + 1/4 c. 1 Tbsp. 2 Tbsp.

Doubling and Halving Stays the same Changes Cooking temperature Ingredients used Directions Changes Length of cooking time Amount of ingredients Size of pan Why would you double or halve a recipe?

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: ¼ c butter, softened Butter/Margarine (Plastic Fats) 1 cube/stick of butter is equal to ½ cup. Cut on the desired line on the wrapper.

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies or Double this ingredient: ½ c shortening Shortening (Solid Fats) -Use a dry measuring cup -Pack it in -Level it off, scrape container DISPLACEMENT -Use a liquid measuring cup -Fill ½ with water -Then spoon in desired amount

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 1 ¼ c brown sugar Brown Sugar Pack it in Level it off

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 1 Egg Eggs Crack over a separate bowl or container- check for shells, blood etc. How do you divide an egg in half? Crack in bowl whisk together then measure out 1 ½ Tbsp. Though eggs vary, the serving size is 3 Tbsp. as a general rule

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 2 T Milk Liquids (milk/water/oil) Fill to amount desired Place on flat/level surface Check at eye level

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 1 t Vanilla Liquids (small amounts) Use measuring spoons Do not measure over the mixing bowl

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: ¼ t Baking Soda Dry Ingredients (small amounts) Use measuring spoons Do not measure over the mixing bowl Scoop and level the spoon

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: ¼ t Salt Sugar/Salt Scoop Level the measuring spoon/cup

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 1/8 t Cinnamon Dry Ingredients (small amounts) What do we do? Use measuring spoons Do not measure over the mixing bowl Scoop and level the spoon

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: ¾ c Flour Flour/Powdered Sugar Sift (if recipe calls for it) Spoon in Level off

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: 1 ½ c Rolled Oats (uncooked) Dry Ingredients (Large Amounts) Scoop in Level off

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies Double this ingredient: ½ c Chocolate Chips Dry Ingredients (Large Amounts) What do we do? Scoop in Level off

Oatmeal Chocolate Chip Cookies 1. Preheat the oven to 375°. 2. With an electric mixer, mix the butter and shortening together until well combined. 3. Add brown sugar and cream the mixture together. 4. Add the egg, milk and vanilla and mix until combined. 5. Add the baking soda, salt, cinnamon and flour together in a separate bowl and mix until combined. Then add to creamed mixture 6. Slowly add the rolled oats, about 1/2 c. at a time, until all of the oats are added. Be careful not to burn out your mixer. As the dough becomes more stiff, turn up the speed of the mixture. 7. Remove the electric mixer and stir in the chocolate chips with a mixing spoon. 8. Using a cookie scoop or clean hands, roll dough into golf-ball sized cookies. 9. Place the cookies on a greased cookie sheet or on parchment paper and press them down slightly. 10. Bake at 375° for 10-12 minutes. Eat and enjoy!

Recipe Basics Recipe Adjustments

List the FOUR parts of a recipe: Reading a Recipe List the FOUR parts of a recipe: List and amounts of ingredients Step-by-step instructions Essential info about temperature and equipment Number of servings

Essential Steps #1- Read before beginning #2- Check to see if you have all ingredients #3- Pre-heat oven if needed #4- “Gather” all equipment needed #5- Complete prep of ingredients #6- Measure accurately #7- Mix carefully, following the directions #8- Bake or cook at temperature & time as directed YIELD: Number of servings “To be the chef you’ve always wanted to be just READ THE RECIPE!”