12.3 Limiting Reactant If a carpenter had two tabletops and seven table legs, he could only build one table. The number of table legs is the limiting factor.

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12.3 Limiting Reactant If a carpenter had two tabletops and seven table legs, he could only build one table. The number of table legs is the limiting factor. In chemistry, the amount of product made in a chemical reaction is limited by the amount of one of the reactants. Print 1-2,4-7

12.3 In a chemical reaction, an insufficient amount of one of the reactants will limit the amount of product that forms. limiting reactant: the reactant that determines the amount of product that can be formed.

Limiting and Excess Reagents 12.3 Limiting and Excess Reagents The “recipe” calls for 3 molecules of H2 for every 1 molecule of N2 . In this particular experiment, H2 is the limiting reagent and N2 is in excess.

Limiting and Excess Reagents 12.3 Limiting and Excess Reagents The “recipe” calls for 3 molecules of H2 for every 1 molecule of N2 . In this particular experiment, H2 is the limiting reagent and N2 is in excess. excess limiting

To determine which is the LR: 12.3 To determine which is the LR: convert both reactants to mol of same product the one that makes less product is the LR

Determining Limiting Reactant 12.2 Determining Limiting Reactant Which is the limiting reactant when 48.0 g Mg is reacted with 108 g HCl? Mg + 2 HCl → MgCl2 + H2 1 mol Mg 24.31 g Mg 1 mol H2 1 mol Mg 48.0 g Mg x x = 1.97 mol H2 1 mol HCl 36.46 g HCl 1 mol H2 2 mol HCl 108 g HCl x x = 1.48 mol H2 HCl is limiting 6

Determining Limiting Reactant 12.2 Determining Limiting Reactant How many grams CO2 can be formed from 2.70 mol C2H4 is reacted with 6.30 mol O2? C2H4 + 3 O2 → 2 CO2 + 2 H2O 2 mol CO2 1 mol C2H4 2.70 mol C2H4 x = 5.40 mol CO2 2 mol CO2 3 mol O2 6.30 mol O2 x = 4.20 mol CO2 44.01 g CO2 1 mol CO2 4.20 mol CO2 x = 185 g CO2 7

HNO3: 63.02 g/mol NO2: 46.01 g/mol H2O: 18.02 g/mol Quick Quiz! 1. In the reaction, 3 NO2 + H2O  2 HNO3 + NO how many grams of HNO3 can form when 1.00 g of NO2 and 2.25 g of H2O are reacted? 0.913 g 0.667 g 15.7 g 1.37 g HNO3: 63.02 g/mol NO2: 46.01 g/mol H2O: 18.02 g/mol

Quick Quiz. 2. How many grams of H2O can be formed from 24.0 g O2 and 2.97 mol H2? 2 H2 + O2  2 H2O 30.0 g 27.0 g 54.0 g 13.5 g