Elements of Safeguards in ORNL Facilities Mateusz Monterial Mike Sharp Allison Toth Jeremy Townsend Stephen Holland Steve Cleveland

2Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Presentation_name Safety HFIR/REDC – yellow railings, caution signs, fire doors, PPE, radioactive waste bins, support for power loss, professional training, dosimeter, eye wash, shower, hot cell containment, contamination check Safeguards Lab – Safety goggles, safety training, caution/radiation signs, samples in envelopes Graphite Reactor – PPE, training, caution/radiation signs, railings, portal shielding

3Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Presentation_name Security HFIR/REDC – locked doors, cameras, instrument/manual shut down, log book, dog bone size, HEU, grant of access for foreign nationals Safeguards Lab – RFIDs on guns, output/depleted uranium barrels, limited access, security cameras, portal monitoring Graphite Reactor – Top secret facility used for Pu production – Materials produced stored in barn before transported to LANL – Barbed wire for U-233 storage

4Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Presentation_name Material Control and Accounting HFIR/REDC – Measurement of small amounts of isotopes – Transport of materials – Mass spectrometry Safeguards Laboratory – Helium-3 and plastic scintillator detectors for neutron and gamma portal monitoring. – Testing of uranium enrichment live accounting. – RFID for material tracking and better efficiency. Graphite Reactor – Accounting for irradiated fuel/Pu production

5Managed by UT-Battelle for the U.S. Department of Energy Presentation_name Inspection HFIR/REDC – Not regulated by NRC, under DOE – Look for adherence to protocol, did reactor behave properly in given situation Safeguards Lab – Mock set ups, no SQs of material Graphite Reactor – NRC/ IAEA did not exist