7th Grade Review

Review Questions Compare and contrast sexual and asexual reproduction. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each? What is cell theory? What is the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell? Compare and contrast an animal cell and plant cell. What is the function of the following cell organelles Cell Wall, Cell Membrane, Mitochondria, Golgi Bodies, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Lysosome, Ribosome, Nucleus, Vacuole, Chloroplasts, Cytoplasm What is stimulus and response? Give an example of both an internal and external stimulus.

Sexual vs. Asexual Reproduction 2 parents Egg and Sperm cell necessary Advantages: Create diverse offspring More likely to adapt Disadvantages: Time consumed due to courting mate. Asexual: 1 parent Offspring are identical copy of parent Advantages: Very efficient/less time to reproduce Disadvantages: Uniform population Not going to be able to adapt.

Cell Theory Cells are the building block of life. Simplest form of life. All living things are composed of cells. All cells come from pre-existing cells

Cells Prokaryote Eukaryote No nucleus Simple organisms Bacteria cells that have a nucleus More complex organisms

Animal Cell vs. Plant Cell The Plant Cell contains the following structures that an Animal Cell does not: Chloroplasts (for photosynthesis) Cell Wall Both plant and animal cells have a vacuole but the plant cells vacuole is larger than the animal cell.

Organelle Function Cell Wall Rigid outer layer of the plant cell. Cell Membrane The gatekeeper. Allows material to pass in and out of the cell. Mitochondria The powerhouse of the cell. Gives the cell energy to function. Golgi Bodies Packages and distributes material brought from the ER Endoplasmic Reticulum The highway. Transports material around the cell. Lysosome Cleans the cell. Breaks down food, waste, and worn out parts of the cell. Ribosome Makes Protein Nucleus Brain of the cell, contains all the genetic material of the cell. Vacuole Stores food, waste, etc. Chloroplasts Aids in photosynthesis for plant cells Cytoplasm Gel-like substance that contains the organelles

Stimulus vs. Response Stimulus- an environmental change that influences the activity of a living organism or one of its parts. Response- an organisms reaction to the stimulus. Ex. Internal Stimulus- stomach growls so you eat. External Stimulus- a person scares you, so you scream and run away.