Welcome to Part II of Modern English Grammar

Verb Inflection with the Present Tense I Modern English Grammar 2 Session 1

Let’s begin by reviewing about verb forms last semester what we found out about verb forms last semester MEG-2 © FAM

The structure of the VP S NP inflection VP det N V PP P NP number/ person voice tense inv. mood pol. perf cont. cont. Particle N The children should not have been mess -ing around with matches MEG-2 © FAM

The complete “toybox”: Finite VGs NP inflection inflection VP V NP, AdvP, AdjP, PP, cl. Ø number/ person voice tense inv. mood pol. asp. asp. asp. Particle should not have been mess -ing around MEG-2 © FAM

Do Activity 1 on page 91 MEG-2 © FAM

12.1 Forms and Meanings I now She reads Dickens. now elements verb processes verb+s (3rd person) tense: present aspect: simple now She‘s reading Dickens. elements verb processes be verb+ing tense: present aspect: continuous/progressive MEG-2 © FAM

12.1 Forms and Meanings II now She has read Dickens. now elements verb processes have verb+ed /-ed participle tense: present aspect: simple + perfective now She has been reading Dickens. elements verb processes have been verb+ing tense: present aspect: continuous + perfective MEG-2 © FAM

Do Exploration 1 on page 92 MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.1 Primary Meanings of the PresSim State Present Habitual Present Instantaneous Present expresses states or facts expresses habits and regular occurrences expresses what lasts as long as the time of speaking 3 4 7 10 11 12 17 19 2 5 15 16? 5 8 12 15 1 9 13 6 20 MEG-2 © FAM

Do Exploration 2 on page 92 MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.1/2 Meanings of the Pres Sim scientific facts 11. On top of Mount Everest it takes longer to get a soft boiled egg just right. also 17 State Present what the speaker considers to be true 5. You smoke, don’t you? also 7, 12 with verbs of mental activity 19. She thinks you have a point. with stative verbs 10. My brother loves Rhythm&Blues but he hates R’n’B. in summaries and reviews 3. Actor David Hasslekopf plays the King as if in constant fear of someone playing the ace. also 4 MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.1/2 Meanings of the PresSim b) to express regular occurrences Habitual Present 21. Christmas comes but once a year. 8. My teenage brother never gets up before 11 o’clock. to refer to routines or habits MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.1/2 Meanings of the Pres Sim c) performative utterances 1. I hereby pronounce you man and wife. also 6, 13 Instantaneous Present demonstrations and presentations 9. I begin by heating the oil and then I add the curry masala and the onions. commentaries 20. Gray takes the ball upfield again, passes to McInally, McInally turns and shoots — and a fine save from Stills. MEG-2 © FAM

Now transfer the answer from Exploration 2 to Activity 2 on page 93 MEG-2 © FAM

Do Activity 3 on page 95 MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.1/2 Meanings of the Pres Sim d) headlines or captions 16. Thousands of Holiday Makers Sleep Rough at Heathrow Airport. to make a narrative more immediate or exciting 14. The two guys got down behind a bush and waited and after a while along comes a beautiful rabbit. The friend picks up his gun, aims, but … Secondary meanings to report information 2. One hears that the bosses have made some strange decisions. also 18 but 19. She thinks you have something to say on this subject … so tell us She thought you have something to say on this subject … but she is wrong. fixed (future) arrangements The coach leaves at 7.30 tomorrow morning. MEG-2 © FAM

Do Exploration 3 on page 94 MEG-2 © FAM

12.2.3 Verbs normally in the Pres Sim perception mental activity possession referring to “fact” emotional states hear agree belong appear despise perceive appreciate own concern detest realise believe possess consist dislike recognise expect hold hate see feel owe like smell feel sure seem love taste forget know signify realise recognise remember see think trust understand MEG-2 © FAM

Transfer the verbs from Exploration 3 to 12.2.3 Home Study Transfer the verbs from Exploration 3 to 12.2.3 Exploration 4 on page 96 MEG-2 © FAM

Modern English Grammar Bye for now… And remember that only seven days separate you from the next Modern English Grammar MEG-2 © FAM