Community College of Baltimore County

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Community College of Baltimore County Scientific Method Karen J. Dalton Community College of Baltimore County Catonsville Campus

What is the problem? Ask a question? Observations What you know before you begin an experiment Accepted scientific knowledge Journals, textbooks What you see in the world around you What did Semmelweis observe? What is the problem? Ask a question? What did he ask? Hypothesis: Educated answer to your question Must be based on accepted science What is your answer to Semmelweis’ problem?

Test you hypothesis Results Conclusions Experimental design Control groups vs. experimental groups Large numbers in the groups Repeatable experiments How did Semmelweis test his hypothesis? Results Data collected as a result of the experiment Conclusions What do your results mean? Results are new observations Should you now alter your hypothesis?

Theory Well substantiated explanation of something in the natural world Explanation uses many different pieces of evidence Examples: cell, atomic, evolution, chromosomal inheritance In science this is “as good as it gets” Lay people use the word theory when they should be using the word hypothesis