Association of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome Li Chen, M.S., Wen.

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Association of abdominal obesity, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress in adipose tissue in women with polycystic ovary syndrome Li Chen, M.S., Wen Ming Xu, M.D., Ph.D., Dan Zhang, M.D. Fertility and Sterility Volume 102, Issue 4, Pages 1167-1174.e4 (October 2014) DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027 Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 (A) mRNA expression of glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) in visceral adipose tissue was significantly higher in non–abdominal obese control subjects than in abdominal obese polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients (∗P<.05), and (B) mRNA expression of insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) in non–abdominal obese control subjects was significantly higher than all PCOS subjects (∗P<.05). In the PCOS group, there were not differences in GLUT4 or IRS1 mRNA expression between the non–abdominal obese and abdominal obese subgroups (P>.05). IRS1 mRNA expression in the abdominal obese PCOS subgroup was significantly lower than in the abdominal obese control subjects (∗∗P<.05), but there were no significant differences in GLUT4 expression (P>.05). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed with the use of one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. Fertility and Sterility 2014 102, 1167-1174.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Independently from having polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and glutathione peroxide (GPx) activities in subjects with abdominal obesity were much lower than in non–abdominal obese subjects (A, B: ∗P<.05); T-SOD level in abdominal obese PCOS subjects was also significantly lower than in non–abdominal obese control subjects (A: ∗∗P<.05); compared with other three groups, in abdominal obese PCOS subjects GPx was significantly lower and MDA significantly higher (B, C: ∗∗P<.05). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. Group comparisons were performed with the use of one-way analysis of variance and post hoc Tukey test. Fertility and Sterility 2014 102, 1167-1174.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Supplemental Figure 1 mRNA expressions of (A) glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and (B) insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS1) in visceral adipose tissue were significantly decreased (#P<.05) in polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) patients compared with all control subjects, as measured by real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 30 for each group; group comparison with the use of the t test. Fertility and Sterility 2014 102, 1167-1174.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Supplemental Figure 2 (A) Total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) and (B) glutathione peroxide (GPx) levels were significantly decreased and (C) dimethylarginine (MDA) level significantly increased (#P<.05) in PCOS patients compared with control subjects. Data are shown as mean ± SEM; n = 30 for each group; group comparisons were performed with the use of the t test. Fertility and Sterility 2014 102, 1167-1174.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions

Supplemental Figure 3 Immunohistochemistry staining for nitrotyrosine in the visceral adipose tissue of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and control groups. Scale bar = 40 μm; magnification ×20. (A) Section from a PCOS patient; the section displays much greater nitrotyrosine staining (dark brown). (B) Negative control image from a PCOS patient. (C) Section from a control subject; the section displays less nitrotyrosine staining (dark brown) than A. (D) Negative control image from a control subject. Three pairs of the PCOS and control groups were used, and each sample was cut into at least five slides for immunohistochemistry. Fertility and Sterility 2014 102, 1167-1174.e4DOI: (10.1016/j.fertnstert.2014.06.027) Copyright © 2014 American Society for Reproductive Medicine Terms and Conditions