INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT (IPM)

What is IPM Integrated pest management (IPM) is an approach to pest control that uses a combination of common sense strategies, instead of chemicals on a regular basis to reduce the number of pests that can cause a health hazard.

Common Sense Approach Building repairs Sanitation Good Retail Practices

Goals of an IPM Program Reduce pest management costs Protect human health by suppressing pests that serve as a vector for diseases, Reduce losses from pest damage, Reduce environmental pollution, Reduce human exposure to pesticides

What you are spending and using for pest control Many don’t know what the pest control company is using Many don’t know where the pesticides are being applied Most spend an average of $100/month on pest control. Most are dependant on monthly service Some have weekly service

Problems with Pesticides How they work They don’t break down easily Some are persistent in the environment Pesticides may breakdown more slowly indoors.

Health Effects May aggravate existing respiratory conditions Much is unknown about their long term health effects Some health effects may be due to long term repeated exposure National Pesticide Telecommunication Network - 1-800-858-7378

Environmental Effects Get into your food Stays on surfaces in your kitchen Indoor air quality May get into waterways and effect marine life

Problems with pesticide-based programs Accidental Cross over onto food Bureau of Pesticides does not license applicators for retail food service, just producers Misuse by the operator Resistant bugs More potent chemicals used Antibiotic comparison

How To Solve the Problem Work with pest company to identify pests and recognize the signs of their presence. Deny Entry, Food, Water, and Shelter Monitoring See if pest company will offer alternative services – sanitation Educate staff

Identify Pests and Recognize the Signs of their Presence Work with your pest control company You should have a basic understanding of the identification, behavior habits, and biology of the target pests We don’t expect you to be pest experts Place monitoring devices in appropriate areas

Flies As many as 33 million microorganisms may flourish in a single flies gut, a half-billion more swarm on its body and legs A fly deposits thousands of bacteria each times it lands Sanitation is critical to controlling these pests

Fruit Flies and Drain Flies Both can breed anywhere Females lay up to 500 eggs which will hatch in one day Are an indicator of unsanitary conditions Good sanitation practices are the ONLY way to eliminate these pests

Cockroaches Reproduce quickly – for everyone you see there can be 200 hiding and multiplying behind the walls They are nocturnal – the few you see by day were likely forced out by overcrowding Eggs are naturally protected from insecticides

Cockroaches Every habitat has a capacity to support a certain number of cockroaches – Carrying Capacity Biological forces always aim to maintain the population a that level, regardless of measures taken to reduce the population (pesticide applications) If some cockroaches die after an insecticide application, the reproductive rate will increase to replace those individuals and keep the population near the carrying capacity

What is Sanitation? Not just cleaning and trash removal Eliminating sources that cause disease Fixing structural problems Regular cleaning of drains, grease traps, etc. Engineering

Entry Points One of the first steps in control pests at your establishment is to deny entry Windows and doors have screens in good repair Windows and doors are tight fitting Vents have screens Holes and cracks in walls and floors are repaired Check plumbing Suppliers

Food Sources All pests need a source of food to survive Small amounts are enough to allow large amounts of pests to survive A small raisin represents a full day’s nutrition for more than 580 cockroaches Mice and cockroaches can easily chew through paper, cardboard and thin plastic containers Grease – ants and cockroaches…

Popular Locations for Food Sources Trash Cans Dumpsters Food Preparation areas Sinks and Floor drains Dry storage areas Behind fixed equipment Utensil drawers Bulk soda storage area

Water Sources All pests need water to survive One drop of water a day is all that a cockroach needs to survive

Source of Water All types of plumbing Faulty drains Mops Sponges Stacking wet clean pots and other food contact surfaces Drip pans under refrigerators Condensation from pipes

Breeding and Harborage Areas Rubbish and debris outside the facility Storage areas Plumbing holes in walls Cluttered break rooms Restrooms

Breeding and Harborage Areas Behind moldings Small holes in cabinet doors Around rubber gaskets Behind equipment Paper bags and Cardboard boxes

Monitoring Perform daily inspections – use proper tools. Place monitoring traps and devices in correct areas Keep records of what you find Educate staff to report any signs of pests

Your monitoring has revealed a pest problem How big of a pest infestation is it What kind of pest is it Can you find a way to eliminate its harborage conditions Can you use a non-chemical approach – vacuum cleaners, fly swatters, bug lights

What if the non-chemical approach did not work What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide Ask your pest control company for a couple different pesticides they recommend using Ask your pest control company for MSDS for each of their suggestions Read the label and look for caution, warning, or danger

What if the non-chemical approach did not work What if the non-chemical approach did not work? I need to use a pesticide Contact the National Pesticide Telecommunication Network for information on the pesticide your pest company recommends using Choose appropriate application methods Stay away from foggers and similar applications Take appropriate precautions to protect food and food contact surfaces before and after the application.

An Effective IPM Program will include Investigation Action Follow up

Investigation Inspection – use a flashlight Identify the pest Monitor

Action Tolerate Prevention Non-chemical Chemical

Follow up Evaluation – did it work Education – what did I learn

How to Integrate Toxic Use Reduction into Food Establishments? Education and training Possible Regulations Ongoing reinforcement through inspections

Food Code Requirements FC 6-501.111 – Critical Violation The presence of insects, rodents, and other pests shall be controlled and minimize their presence by Routinely inspecting incoming shipments of food and supplies Routinely inspecting the premises for evidence of pests Eliminating harborage conditions

Food Code Requirements Using methods, if pests are found, such as trapping devices or other means of pest control as specified under  7-202.12, 7-206.12, and 7-206.13: Used according to law and this code Label states that use is allowed in a food establishment Additional conditions that may be established by the regulatory authority

Food Code Requirements Applied so that: A hazard to employees or other persons is not constituted, and Contamination including toxic residues due to drip, drain, fog, splash, or spray on food, equipment, utensils, linens, and single-service and single-use articles is prevented and for a restricted-use pesticide, this is achieved by

Food Code Requirements Removing the items Covering the items with impermeable covers, or Taking other appropriate preventative actions, and Cleaning and sanitizing equipment and utensils after the application

Possible Regulations All food establishments will be required to have MSDS available for all pesticides and cleaners used in the establishment The Board of Health, may, at its discretion, employ a pest professional or require an establishment to employ a pest control professional to identify pest control problems and code related violations during food establishment inspections

All food establishments with a known pest infestation will be required to submit an integrated pest management plan, to be approved by the Board of Health, Including the following Identification of factors contributing to harborage Inspection by a certified pest management professional Plan of action to address immediate problem and to prevent further infestations