Biodiversity Animal Groups

Cnidarians Soft-bodied, carnivorous animals that have stinging tentacles arranged in circles around their mouths. Nematocytes = stinging cells Do not have true organs A gastrovascular cavity serves as both mouth and anus Simplest animals to have body symmetry and specialized tissues. Radial symmetry

Cnidarians 2 Main Forms Medusa = free swimming/floating, umbrella shaped, mouth usually on the concave side of the umbrella, tentacles usually protrude from the umbrella rim Examples = jelly fish Polyp = usually sessile or immobile. One end of the tubular body is attached to a substrate with the mouth and tentacles at the other end Examples = sea anemones, hydra

Cnidarians Jellyfish Corals & Sea Anemones

Arthropods Largest animal phylum making up over 85% if all known animals Segmented body, a tough exoskeleton (external covering) that is molted (shed) to allow the animal to grow, and jointed appendages. Cold blooded with an open circulatory system First to have bilateral symmetry

horseshoe crabs and arachnids Arthropods Crustaceans Chelicerata horseshoe crabs and arachnids Uniramians Insects, centipedes, millipedes…

Mollusks Soft-bodied animals that usually have an internal or external shell. Bilateral symmetry Divided into 3 body regions: Head, Foot, and visceral mass Head contains sense organs and “brain” Visceral mass contains internal organs Have a well defined nervous and circulatory system

Mollusks Bivalves Cephalopods Gastropods

Fishes Aquatic vertebrates that are characterized by paired fins, scales, and gills. Vertebrates = have a backbone Endoskeleton is made out of bone in bony fish Endoskeleton is made out of cartilage in cartilaginous fish Cold blooded, poikilotherm (internal temperature varies according to environment)

Fishes Breathe by passing oxygenated water over gills Swim bladder allows some fish to control buoyancy Not present in cartilaginous fish

Fishes Bony Cartilaginous

Amphibians A vertebrate that mostly lives in water as a larvae (eggs must be laid in water) and on land as an adult, breathes with lungs as an adult, has moist skin that contains mucus glands, and lacks scales and claws. External fertilization Cold blooded

Amphibians Breathe through gills as larvae and lungs or skin as adults First to have a three chambered heart

Amphibians Salamanders & Newts Frogs & Toads

Reptiles A vertebrate that has dry, scaly skin, lungs, and terrestrial eggs (have a shell) Oviparous = Internal fertilization Cold blooded Breathe through lungs Ectothermic = regulation of body temperature depends on external factors (cannot regulate own temperature)

Reptiles Lizards & Snakes Turtles & Tortoises Crocodilians

Birds Reptile-like vertebrate animals that are endothermic (maintain a constant internal body temperature). They have an outer covering of feathers; two legs that are covered with scales; and front limbs modified into wings. However not all birds can fly First to have a 4 chambered heart

Birds Tropical Birds Birds of Prey Seabirds / Shorebirds Song Birds

Mammals An endothermic vertebrate that have a mammary gland (produce milk) and have hair. All mammals breathe air, and have 4-chambered hearts. Warm blooded

Mammals Perissodactyls Monotremes & Marsupials Carnivora Primates Hoofed animals Egg-laying Raise young in pouch Carnivora Primates Cetaceans Limbs modified into flippers