Biodiesel & Bus Fleets – Fuel Quality Perspective Richard Nelson National Biodiesel Board 800-841-5849

The National Biodiesel Board Represents the biodiesel industry as the coordinating body for research and development in the United States.  Founded in 1992 by state soybean commodity groups. Today NBB’s membership is comprised of state, national, and international feedstock and feedstock processor organizations, biodiesel suppliers, fuel marketers and distributors, and technology providers. 2 2

Renewable Fuel Standard - 2

Fuel Quality & Standards ASTM Specifications exist for: B5 and lower B6 to B20 B100 (ASTM D 6751-09) Performance-based Standards Industry-wide Fuel Quality Program BQ-9000 (www.bq-9000.org) Insures for “supply-chain management” (from feedstock through fuel use)

Emissions & Health Emission Type B100 B20 B2 Total Unburned Hydrocarbons -67% -20% -2.2% Carbon Monoxide -48% -12% -1.3% Particulate Matter -47% Oxides of Nitrogen (NOX) +10% +/-2% +.2% MSHA (US Department of Labor – Mining Safety and Health Administration) recognizes biodiesel as the least expensive means for reducing underground worker exposure to DPM – this is a direct worker health issue

Supply Chain Management Certified Marketer Focus A system for the handling and distribution of biodiesel that maintains the fuel properties at the ASTM D 6751 specification. Sampling and Testing Shipping Blending Retain Samples Storage Accredited Producer Focus A system for monitoring the production of biodiesel to the ASTM D 6751 specification. Sampling Shipping Storage Retain Samples Testing “cradle” “grave”

OEM Warranty Statements & Biodiesel All major U.S. OEMs support at least B5 and lower blends, provided they are made with biodiesel meeting ASTM D 6751 Most OEMs recommending use of BQ-9000 More than 55% of U.S. manufacturers now support B20 or higher blends in at least some of their equipment Several more OEMs completing testing toward B20 support http://www.biodiesel.org/resources/oems

Case Study: Cincinnati Metro Biodiesel pioneer…began with pilot tests in 90s Has since used B5 – B99 in fleet of 340 buses After Hurricane Katrina, Metro opted to switch to B99 Stuck with B20 in winter Supports green mission and generates positive press…Metro is talked about in press often Many, many others: SF, KC, St. Louis, etc.