Religion: Southwest Asia & Europe

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Presentation transcript:

Religion: Southwest Asia & Europe Judaism (in 15 minutes)

Origins of Judaism Geography: originates in SW Asia, between Mediterranean Sea and Jordan River Oral tradition from 4000 years ago -- our copies of texts date to 500bce Beliefs from the Hebrew Bible, or Torah: Founder, Abraham & his descendants lead Jewish people (wandering herders) out of Mesopotamia… …into “promised land” of Israel, on eastern shore of Mediterranean Enslaved in Egypt  escape, then founding of Hebrew kingdom in Israel around 1000bce Diaspora: spreading of Jewish people around the world after their kingdom was conquered Jewish temple @ Jerusalem conquered, destroyed twice (Babylonians in 6th cent bce, Romans in 200 ce) Jews  Middle East, Europe, Asia Continues until modern-day country of Israel founded in 1948 (after WW1 & many other political events kick-start the Israeli-Palestinian conflict)

Beliefs of Judaism Jewish relationship to God Judaism is monotheistic: belief in one god God is more abstract, less human, omnipotent, just God & Hebrews have a covenant: God takes care of “chosen people,” they stay devoted to one God A Messiah will bring salvation to Israel, world peace God sets high standards for ethical/moral behavior Ten Commandments; 613 total mitzvot (commandments) in Torah (http://www.jewfaq.org/613.htm) Emphasis on social order, charity, social responsibility, the poor Abrahamic religions: monotheistic, originate in W. Asia Judaism, Christianity, Islam (founded in that order) Beliefs have similarities or overlap Each recognizes Abraham as important (disagree about how)

Post-Classical Judaism Europe SW Asia https://sites.google.com/a/roundrockisd.org/dr-vincent-s-history- of-the-world/classroom-news/unit3post- classicaleratheworldofislam