ENSO El Nino / La Nina episodes of ocean warming and cooling

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Presentation transcript:

ENSO El Nino / La Nina episodes of ocean warming and cooling

NORMAL Conditions Trade Winds Cool water pools near S.America, Warm water pools near Australia

How are “El Niño” conditions different than normal? Ocean currents reverse Warm water pools near S.America Cool water pools near Australia

El Nino Warning System Sea Surface Temperature Wind Speed/Direction Ocean Current Direction

Global Effects of El Nino Floods/mudslides in S. America Droughts in Australia/Indonesia (cooler waters create more stable atmos. and less rain) Termination of the coastal upwelling along S. America (hurts fisheries)

El Nino’s effect on the United States Jet Stream is moved north

El Nino’s effect on the United States Warmer winters in N states Wet/colder winters in S states Weak hurricane system

Think of La Nina as a strengthened version of “Normal” Trade Winds are extremely strong Very cold water pools near S.America, very warm water pools near Australia

Global Effects of La Nina Heavy rains in the western Pacific Strong coastal upwellings along S. America Extreme drought along S. America’s Pacific coastline.

La Nina’s effect on the U.S. Colder than normal winters Increased snowfall Midwest gets more precip. than normal

Comparison of surface temps El Nino Normal La Nina

El Nino

Normal Conditions

La Nina

El Nino or La Nina?

NORMAL, EL NINO, OR LA NINA? Normal (Nov 2001)

Helpful Websites TAO ~ Tropical Atmosphere Ocean project http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/index.shtml The TAO Story http://www.pmel.noaa.gov/tao/proj_over/flash/mainDOC.html

EL NINO SOUTHERN OSCILLATION

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