You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Jeopardy Choose a category. You will be given the answer. You must give the correct question. Click to begin.

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DNA Fingerprinting Botana Curus And misc. DNA Technology Examples of Genetic Engineering Gene Therapy 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 10 Point 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 20 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 30 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 40 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points 50 Points

Whodunnit?

Suspect 2 Suspect 2

If DNA sample 1 is cut with a “molecular scissor” that recognizes the sequence CCGG and cuts between the middle C and G, how many pieces of DNA are formed?

4 Slide 3

Another name for DNA fingerprinting

Gel Electrophoresis

1. This attractive force makes the DNA fragments move 2. these DNA fragments move the greatest distance

1. Electrical attraction of opposite charges (DNA has a negative charge and is attracted to the positive end of the gel) Slide 3 2. The smallest DNA fragments move the greatest distance

Three applications of DNA fingerprinting

Criminal cases (rape, murder) Paternity cases Determining the similarity (relatedness) of different species

Process shown here

Gene Therapy

What is X and why is it important? What is the name of this process?

X = virus (vector) Gene therapy

What does chromatography separate?

Proteins (in this lab they were pigments)

Which is a better way to compare species – with structural or molecular comparisons? Give two reasons why

Molecular More specific Species can look different but still be closely related (similar DNA)

Say your buddy isn’t convinced that species Z is most closely related to Botana Curus. What are 3 additional molecular tests you can do to try and convince him?

Cut the DNA with another enzyme Slide 3 Cut the DNA with another enzyme Cut a different DNA sequence from each organism 3. Compare the amino acid sequence of another protein Slide 3

The molecular scissors that cut DNA

restriction enzymes

the technology of cutting and pasting genes from one species to another

genetic engineering

Describe the process shown here and an example of why it is done?

Inserting a human gene into bacteria so the bacteria will make the human protein Slide 3

What does a vector do?

It carries the DNA (gene) and delivers it into cells

If DNA sample 1 is cut with a “molecular scissor” that recognizes the sequence CCGG and cuts between the middle C and G, how many pieces of DNA are formed?

4

What are three applications of cutting and pasting genes?

produce proteins needed to fight disease, clot blood increase food supply gene therapy new vaccines new varieties of plants and animals with desired traits

First human protein produced by bacteria

insulin

2 proteins produced by recombinant DNA

Insulin Human growth hormone Factor VIII Interferon

Three examples of transgenic animals

Giant Salmon Enviropig Cows that fight mastitis glowfish oncomouse knockout mice

4 examples of transgenic plants

Insect-resistant corn Tomato with antifreeze gene Glow plants Edible vaccines Insect-resistant corn Tomato with antifreeze gene Roundup-ready soybeans

How can recombinant DNA be used to create a vaccine for HIV?

Insert a gene for a HIV coat protein into a harmless virus to make the harmless virus look like HIV

Genetic diseases often result from the body’s inability to do this

make a protein correctly

can be used to insert genes into humans that need them

viruses

Gene therapy effectively cured this disease in an individual patient

SCID – “bubble boy” disease

Why can’t bacteria be used as vectors in gene therapy? How would CRISPR be an improvement if used in gene therapy?

They’re alive – infection (reproduce; produce toxic waste) Specific target for insertion; removes bad gene

State three problems/challenges with gene therapy

Gene inserted in wrong spot Allergic reaction to virus Delivering gene to appropriate cells Slide 3

Final Jeopardy Make your wager

What are four ethical (or other) concerns regarding genetic engineering and gene therapy

GM animals or plants outcompeting natural species Food safety GM animals or plants outcompeting natural species Effects on other species (food chain) Only wealthy can afford gene therapy Designer babies Genetic discrimination