The Cold War: the 1950s.

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Presentation transcript:

The Cold War: the 1950s

Important Leaders – the West

Important Leaders – The East

Fallout of WWII – Splitting of Germany Division of Germany Occupation Zones Marshall Plan West Germany (Federal Republic of Germany) East Germany (German Democratic Republic)

The Domino Theory U.S. foreign policy throughout Cold War A communist government in one nation would quickly lead to communist takeovers in neighboring states, each falling like a row of dominos Made famous by Eisenhower Now it is largely discredited

Soviet Satellite States Russia had been invaded twice in 40 years, 3x in 130 years Wanted protection Also wanted to rule other Slavic peoples Eastern Bloc Iron Curtain

The Arms Race Competition between two or more states to have the best armed forces Bikini Atoll Strategic Bombers ICBMs – Intercontinental Ballistics Missiles Bomber Gap

August 1949 – “First Lightning” Copy of Fat Man Russkies get the Bomb August 1949 – “First Lightning” Copy of Fat Man USSR had spies in the Manhattan Project What does this mean?

Mutual Assured Destruction full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender Deterrence If they have it and we have it then nobody will do anything

Ideological Superiority Germans in WWII The Space Race Origins National Security Ideological Superiority Germans in WWII

Sputnik 1957 – 1st artificial satellite U.S. Reaction 1959 – Yuri Gagarin = 1st human in space 1961 – Alan Shepard = 1st American in space “We choose to go to the Moon! We choose to go to the Moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard…”

Race to the Moon July 16, 1969 – Apollo 11 launches Neil Armstrong, Buzz Aldrin, & Michael Collins Effectively ends the Space Race Watershed moment in US history

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