LECTURE: CRITERIA FOR PROKARYOTES & EUKARYOTES MICROBIOLOGY - ALCAMO LECTURE: CRITERIA FOR PROKARYOTES & EUKARYOTES

Introduction - Cells All living organisms have cells Basic unit of structure Large organisms – many cells Cells are organized into: Tissues Organs Systems

MICROORGANISMS One or a few cells take care of all functions

CELL TYPES -Two Types: Prokaryotes- _____________________________ Eukaryotes-

DEFINITIONS -Prokaryotic Cell: No nuclear membrane No other internal membrane Only has a cell membrane

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Eukaryotic Cell: Has a nuclear membrane Has other membrane bound organelles

PROKARYOTES - VERY SMALL CELLS -CELL WALL-SHAPE, PROTECTION, BUT VERY THIN -CELL MEMBRANE-LINES CELL WALL, REGULATES MOLECULAR TRAFFIC -NUCLEOID-WHEREVER SINGLE STRAND DNA

. -CYTOPLASM-SOUP OF CHEMICALS, INCLLUDING RIBOSOMES, FOR ALL CELL ACTIVITIES -FLAGELLA-(IF) SINGLE STRAND PROTEIN

EUKARYOTE – LARGER CELLS -CELL WALL-SHAPE, PROTECTION, 3 LAYERS THICK -CELL MEMBRANE-LINES CELL WALL, REGULATES MOLECULAR TRAFFIC -NUCLEUS-DOUBLE STRAND DNA, ORGANIZED INTO CHROMOSOMES, RNA, INSIDE NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

. -CYTOPLASM-SOUP OF CHEMICALS FOR CELL ACTIVITIES, MEMBRANOUS ORGANELLES: GOLGI BODIES, MITOCHONDRIA, VACUOLES, CHLOROPLASTS IF PHOTOSYNTHETIC -FLAGELLA-(IF) CABLE-LIKE, 9/2 PROTEIN STRANDS

4. CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS -EUKARYOTES-ALL MULTICELLULAR ORGANISMS AND UNICELLULAR ORGANISMS(EXCEPT TWO) EX: MAMMALS, FISH, PLANTS, FUNGI, ALGAE AND PROTOZOA -PROKARYOTES-ONLY BACTERIA AND CYANOBACTERIA