How do classical and operant conditioning differ?

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Presentation transcript:

How do classical and operant conditioning differ? S - S vs. R - S contingencies Classical and Operant paradigms The Law of Effect Conditioned reinforcers Chaining operant behaviour

Pavlov’s Apparatus: Tube from salivary glands Measuring cup for saliva

speaker pellet dispenser tube food cup lights lever electric grid

Classical (respondent) conditioning: contingency relation CS R US tone salivation food Operant conditioning: contingency relation SD R SRf tone bar-pressing food

Classical Conditioning Terminology: Conditioned stimulus Conditioned response CS CR US UR Unconditioned stimulus Unconditioned response

SD: RSRf Operant Conditioning Terminology: Discriminative stimulus response Reinforcing stimulus (reinforcer)

SD: RSRf The Law of Effect: “…If a response, R, that is made in the presence of a particular stimulus (or in a particular situation, SD, is followed by a reward, SRf, then that response is more likely to be made the next time the stimulus or situation, SD, is encountered.”

SD: RSRf SD: RSRf SD: RSRf order of chained performance etc. SD: RSRf Conditioned Reinforcer Unconditioned Reinforcer ? tone SD: RSRf bar-press click SD: RSRf approach food order in which links are learned