Functions and Imaging of Mast Cell and Neural Axis of the Gut

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Functions and Imaging of Mast Cell and Neural Axis of the Gut Michael Schemann, Michael Camilleri Gastroenterology Volume 144, Issue 4, Pages 698-704.e4 (April 2013) DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.040 Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 1 Close association between nerves and mast cells in human sections. Tissues were stained for the pan-neuronal marker protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5), mast cell tryptase (MC tryptase), or c-Kit as mast cell markers and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) as a marker for extrinsic sensory nerve terminals. (A) Low-power image of a cross-section of the human colonic wall with the epithelium, submucous plexus, circular muscle, myenteric plexus, and longitudinal muscle layers. Note that the highest density of mast cells is in the epithelial and submucous layers. (B) High-power image of the inner submucous plexus showing a ganglion (marked by arrow head) and a mast cell nearby. (C) High-power image of the epithelial layer illustrating numerous mast cells in close vicinity to nerve fibers. Gastroenterology 2013 144, 698-704.e4DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.040) Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions

Figure 2 Close association between nerves and mast cells in human whole mount tissue. (A) Whole-mount preparation with the exposed submucous plexus as an intact network. Note the intimate relation between mast cells, nerve fibers, and enteric ganglia (one is marked by arrowhead). (B) Paucity of mast cells in a whole mount preparation of the myenteric plexus. This image shows only 12 mast cells, most of them far away from the ganglia. (C) Contact between enteric ganglia (one is marked by arrowhead), mast cells, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) terminals. Numerous TRPV1 terminals (in light blue because of co-localization with PGP.9.5) are present in submucous plexus ganglia. Note that close proximity between mast cells and TRPV1 fibers only occurs nearby an enteric ganglion. In the extraganglionic regions there are hardly any TRPV1 fibers that run close by a mast cell. (D) Almost all mast cells in the submucous plexus layer are co-labeled by MC tryptase and c-kit (purple; one ganglion marked by arrowhead). E, Whole-mount preparation of the submucous plexus region containing blood vessels. Note that mast cells are located along blood vessel. In addition, this image shows that submucous plexus ganglia (2 are marked by arrowheads) are often close to blood vessels. Gastroenterology 2013 144, 698-704.e4DOI: (10.1053/j.gastro.2013.01.040) Copyright © 2013 AGA Institute Terms and Conditions